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The Talbert name is a corruption of the surname Talbot. Many Talbots settled in Maryland in the 17th century. From the way the name was pronounced, Talbert and Talbot sounded much the same. So, many times, court clerks wrote down what they HEARD. The "a" in the name as more of an "ah" sound than a short "a". Also, due to the way some make their cursive "a", sometimes it looked like an "o" and hence, another corruption. That corruption was (and is) very common. It happened in my family. I am a Tolbert, but my great grandfather was a Talbert. I know some families where siblings have both spellings. In fact, my grandfather had a brother and a sister who spelled it with an "a" while he and another brother spelled it with an "o". My great-great grandfather's grave marker has the name with an "a" and his wife who is buried next to him has her name with an "o". The same children buried them - go figure!
Now, about the name. Normans were Norsemen who settled in the Normandy area of France in the late 800's. William the Conqueror was a Norman of Norwegion descent. When William invaded England in 1066, his army was mainly Norman and two of his vassals were Talbots (Hugh and Geoffrey). Although not entirely, many of the Talbot, Talbott, Talbut, Talbert folks in England descend from those lines. The line descending from Hugh (who was a Baron) eventually became the Earls of Shrewsbury and then Dukes before the peerage died out during the twentieth century. You can find a good bit of information about the Shrewsbury line from folks on this list as well as other Talbot sites. Burke's Peerage is another good source to see the development of the line.
Hugh settled in Herefordshire and the ruins of what was known as "Richard's Castle (a descendant of Hugh) is still there (western England - close to Wales). In the 16th century, the manor was moved from Herefordshire to near Sheffield in southern Yorkshire. There is quite a history of Talbots and the various kings of England. One was in charge of Mary, Queen of Scots, during her "house arrest" in England before she was later beheaded by her cousin Elizabeth I.
Geoffrey settled in Western Yorkshire near Clithroe (without looking it up, I'm not sure of that spelling). This was the origin of the Talbots of Bashall. He was also a knight. From this line it seems that several other lines developed. E-mail me and I can maybe give you more specifics as to what some of these were. There were a number of Talbots associated with York, Thorton-le-street, etc.
So, in short, it appears that the Talbots (originally spelled Talebot in France) were Normans and these two family groups developed in England after the Norman Invasion. But there is evidence there may have been Talbots in England before the invasion. I've not done any research into them to find a connection between them and the Norman Talbots.
I hope this helps with your understanding of the name and where it originated. By the way, the hound others have mentioned was a prominent figure (actually two of them) on the crest of the Shrewsbury line. The breed depicted was an ancient breed which is now extinct.
JohnT
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