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I have revised and updated the information I submitted earlier regarding Henry Iles - Johann Henrich Eyl
Name: Henry ILES (JOHANN HENRICH EYL) [1]
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Birth: 1749 or abt 1751-52 Schorbach, Germany [2], [3], [4]
Death: 14 Jan 1814 Licking County, Ohio [5], [6], [4]
Burial: Iles Cemetery on his farm, Bennington Twp, Licking County, Ohio [4]
Occupation: Hessian soldier, Farmer, Tailor [5], [7]
Flags: Military
Spouses
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1: Mary STINE (STEIN) [8], [5]
Birth: abt 1764 Reading, Pennsylvania
Death: 14 Feb 1832 Licking County, Ohio [5]
Marriage: Pennslvania [5]
Children: John (1784-1851)
Henry (1786-1863)
Elizabeth (~1787-)
Jacob H. (1791-)
Fredrick (1793-1860)
Adam (1795-1857)
David (1797-1850)
Samuel (1799-)
George (1803-1871)
Sarah (1804-)
Johann Henrich EYL “originated” from Schorbach Germany abt 1751-1752. Schorbach is about 6-7 miles ESE of Ziegenhain. Schorbach is on or near the Grimm Fairy Tale German Road. [9] He joined the Regiment von Knyphausen (knip rhymes with ship, houzun) [10] which was garrisoned in the fortress at Ziegenhain, Schwalm-Eder-Kreis, Hessen. [11] The von Knyphausen Regiment was a good regiment. It was a nearly full strength regular regiment, and in the First Division -- the cream of the crop. The Hesse-Kassel troops were among the best the British found in Germany. [12] Another refernce indicates that the Hessians sent from Kassel were for the most part excellent troops and well equipped, for this little army was one of the best in Germany. [13] The applicable military records would be found at the archives in Marburg. The church record for Schorbach will be found in Kirchliches Rentamt Ziegenhain in Ziegenhain. (Website to check Church records is members.cox.net/hessen/qa2.htm) EYL was a private in the company commanded by Obrist, later Generalmajor, Henrich von Borck. [14], [15]
The American revolution against British rule began in 1775. After fighting in Boston, the British forces withdrew from their stronghold of Boston to the safe area of Halifax. King George III of England enlisted the help of his former allies of the Seven Years War, his German relatives, in order to recruit a sufficiently large army of regular troops. [16] The von Knyphausen/von Donop Regiment left its garrison town of Ziegenhain on 3 March 1776. Most of the Regiment set sail on April 17, 1776. [17] Those that didn’t sail then, because of lack of transport, sailed soon after and caught up with the rest of the Regiment on Staten Island. [15]
In the spring of 1776 an armada of ships assembled in British harbors, loaded with Regiments of German soldiers from the principalities of Brunswick and Hessen-Hanau. Together with regiments of British, Irish and Scots, they were soon on their way to Quebec, arriving there between the end of May and early June of 1776. In this fleet were almost 3,000 German soldiers who first stepped on Canadian soil from the shores of the St. Lawrence River. [18]
A second fleet left England, in June, with troops from Hessen-Kassel (with the v. Knyphausen Regiment and Johann Henrich Eyl) and arrived at New York harbor in August of 1776. [18]
“The gaggle of ships which showed up off Sandy Point on the morning of 12 Aug 1776 comprised two basic groups:
(1) Capt. William Hotham..., Commodore with the specific task of escorting the British reinforcements for North America from his flagship HMS Preston. This convoy departed 6 May 1776 and included the first part of the First Division or von Heister’s Division of Hessians comprising 12 units which included the Regiment von Knyphausen (4 companies) 525. The von Knyphausen Regiment troops, sailing with Capt. William Hotham, were on the transport ships Spring, Mermaid, Heartly and Glaudina. [19], [15]
(2) Captain Henry Davis, HMS Repulse sailed 26 May with the balance of the First or von Heister’s Division of Hessians, including one company of Regiment von Knyphausen 154.” [20]
The two convoys of ships that transported the von Knyphausen Regiment to America, disembarked the troops on Staten Island on 14 and 15 August. On 25 August they were ferried to Long Island and on 27 Aug the troops advanced to the lines at Flatbush (Long Island), where the American were entrenched, and fighting began. As the fighting continued the American forces withdrew to the fortification at Brooklyn and a few days later retreated over the East River to New York. [17], [21] The Americans had been “swiftly, overwhelmingly defeated.” But as resounding as the British victory had been , it was not a decisive victory. Washington and his 9000 troops had survived to fight another day. [22]
In late October and early November 1776 the Knyphausen Regiment took part in the battle of White Plains. The Battle of White Plains was the battle of Chatterton’s Hill and the British and the Hessians carried the day. But it was at a cost of more than 250 casualties, twice what the Americans suffered. Nor was it a victory that achieved anything. [23]
In mid November the von Knyphausen Regiment led the attack on Fort Washington. After a prolonged pounding of the fort’s outer defenses by British cannon. Four thousand Hessians came down from the north, led by General von Knyphausen, who had requested the honor of leading the main attack. The Hessians were professionals, and this was to be their day to show themselves superior in a profession they took extreme pride in. It was the scene of most ferocious fighting, and the Hessians were dauntless. The rock slopes they scaled would have been a rough struggle even had no one been firing at them. The British General Grant, who didn’t like Hessians anymore than he did Americans, wrote with unalloyed admiration of how they “surmounted every difficulty,” and after gaining the heights kept on “at a trot ....and if General Knyphausen had not stopped Colonel Rall, I am convinced he would been in the fort in five minutes. When the American Commander, Colonel Magaw finally capitulated, the entire garrison of 2837 Americans marched out of the fort between two lines of Hessians and lay down their arms. [24] In a disastrous campaign for New York in which Washington’s army had suffered one humiliating, costly reverse after another, this, the surrender of Fort Washington on Saturday 16 Nov was the most devastating blow of all, an utter catastrophe. [25] [17], [26] As a result Fort Washington was renamed Fort Knyphausen in honor of General Wilhelm von Knyphausen. [27]
On December 14, 1776, the Rall Brigade (of which the von Knyphausen Regiment was a part) relieved the Donop Brigade in Trenton, New Jersey. [17]
On Christmas Day, 1776, General George Washington, made a dangerous, dramatic, and unexpected move and crossed the Delaware. He mounted the attack at Trenton on the morning of 26 December. They surrounded Trenton and attacked. Although the Hessians turned out rapidly, and attempted to attack north, their formations were broken by the combination of artillery fire from the north and flanking fire from Mercer’s troops, who attacked them from the west. [28] The regiments Rall and von Lossberg were quartered in the northern part of Trenton, The Knyphausen regiment in the southern part, on both sides of the bridge over the Assanpink. [29] Sullivan’s troops, penetrated the south end of the village, where they met the Knyphausen Regt. and drove it back; several hundred men of this regiment escaped south across the Assumpink.. [30] In a scene of indescribable confusion, some 4,000 troops fought through the 100 houses of Trenton. Weather had rendered most of the muskets useless, making it “mostly an affair of artillery, bayonet, sword, and spontoon.” (Ward, op.cot., 301) The Rall and Lossberg Regts retreated into the open field east of Trenton. When ordered to counterattack, only the Lossberg went forward, but they were stopped ... so Rall ordered a withdrawl to the orchard at the S.E. corner of the town. Seconds later Rall fell from his horse mortally wounded. His men started north only to find themselves surrounded by musketts and artillery; they started striking their colors. [31]. The Knyphausen regiment fared little better. Major von Dechow determined to fight his way back over the Assanpink bridge and strike for Bordentown, where lay Donop’s forces. It was impossible to accomplish this, for Sullivan had already occupied the bridge. [32] After two cannons became stuck and Dechow was wounded Sullivan’s men captured the remnants of the Knyphausen Regiment and von Dechow’s Bn of the Lossbergs. [33], [32] Some 333 men and 5 women from the von Knyphausen Regiment, including Johann Henrich EYL,were taken prisoner by the Americans. [17] [34] The battle happened in forty-five minutes or less. Twenty-one Hessians had been killed. 90 wounded. The total number of prisoners taken numbered approximately 900. Another 500 had managed to escape. [35] It was an astonishing victory for the Americans [36]
“The Hessians who had been taken prisoners at Trenton had to march on the 26th of December, 1776, over the same cold and snowy road by which the Americans had advanced to the attack. We can fancy them shivering in their uniforms, while their tattered and bare-footed captors marched gayly beside them. Again the Delaware was crossed amid the cakes of floating ince, and we may be sure that it was not the ragged americans whose teeth chattered.” [37] Captured soldiers were held at Lancaster, York, Reading, and other places in the area, including Philadelphia. [38] “The lot of the prisoners seems not to have been unnecessarily hard. Many of the privates let themselves out as farm servants, and received food and wages.” [39] (It is speculated the EYL may have been held in Reading, since he later married a lady from this town, Mary Stine).
Johann Henrich Eyl was on the list of POWs marched from Lancaster on 17 June 1778 to be exchanged at Philadelphia. However, it appears he missed the exchange of prisoners at Philadelphia, as the British evacuated and crossed the River on the 15th. It is believed that they later marched to Elizabethtown, New Jersey where they were exchanged (back to the British) in late July or early August 1778. [11]
The regiments v. Knyphausen (KNY) and v.Lossberg (LOS) were ordered to Quebec in the fall of 1779 and embarked on six transport ships, the ships Archer, Triton & Molly for KNY and King George, Adamant & Badger for LOS. Shortly after they departed New York in September, they encountered a hurricane with the loss of all hands on one of the ships carrying the LOS troops. The Triton and Molly were damaged and subsequently captured by American privateers and many of the Trenton POWs (who had been exchanged back to the British) found themselves POWs for a second time. [40] It is most likely that Johann Henrich EYL was on the Archer not the Triton or Molly. [41]
The Archer proceeded on to Canada. Because of storms encountered the Archer had to put in, at Charlotteltown on what is now Prince Edward Island and wintered there. It was not until 24 June 1780, that the Regiment arrived in Quebec, where it remained until 2 October 1781. It arrived back in New York City and settled in the barracks along the North River on 28 October 1781. On 22 September 1782, the Regiment was ordered to barracks at Kingbush. [17]
Johann Henrich EYL is listed by HETRINA as deserting in Nov 1782. [42] He deserted with Corporal Johann Henrich Hammer. Hammer is listed as deserting from camp at Bloomingdale, Long Island on 31 Oct 1782. [43] On 5 Nov 1782 a Henry Oill (believed to be EYL), a deserter from the Hessian Line, and Johann Henrich Hammer took the “Oath of Allegiance” at Philadelphia, to Plunket Fleeson. He had come from New York (Island), prior to desertion. [44]
(At least two of Henry Iles’s children, John and Adam were known as “”Oiles”, confirming the use of the name Oiles by Henry and his family.) [45] [46]
Johann Henrich EYL “sold himself in the USA” , indentured for three years. [47]
He married Mary STINE (STEIN) [48], born abt 1764 in Reading , Pennsylvania. They had nine children between 1784 and 1804. Their first children were born in Pennsylvania but Adam may have been born in Rockingham, Virginia. David, George and possibly Sarah were also likely born in Virginia. [5]
Henry and his family relocated from Virginia to Ohio about 1809 (also indicated 1802) [49] and is listed as the first settler of Bennington Twp., Licking County, Ohio. [5] He died 14 Jan 1814 in Licking County Ohio, about 65 years of age. [5]
WHAT IS THE EVIDENCE THAT HENRY ILES IS REALLY JOHANN HENRICH EYL? (EYL > OILES > ILES)
1. In the “Hessian Guide” listing the Hessians remaining in America, by John Merz, the listing for EYL, Johann Henrich ends with the name ILES in parenthesis. This indicates that John Merz or those consulting with him, had reason to believe that EYL changed his name to ILES. John Merz is one of the foremost historian researchers regarding Hessian soldiers. [50]
2. In the 18th century, public records were spelled phonetically and “EYL” and “ILE” (etc.) are homonyms which are phonetically similar, if not exactly alike. [6]
3. The German Protestant practice of christening children after their godparents resulted in numerous neighborhoods (and/or families) with a number of children with the same first given name resulting in the use of a second (or subsequent) given name. THEREFORE, Johann Henrich EYL, called Henrich EYL would become Henry ILE without “rocking the boat”. Arguably, “EYL” to OILE/OILL/OIES to“IlLE/ILES” is phonetically possible. [6]
4. On 5 Nov 1782 a Henry OILL, (believed to be Johann Henrich EYL) a deserter from the Hessian Line, took an “Oath of Allegiance” at Philadelphia, to Plunket Fleeson. He had come from New York (Island), prior to desertion. [44] At least two of Henry’ Iles children, both John and Adam were known as “”OILES”, confirming the use of the name OILES by Henry ILES’s family. [51], [46]
5. The family stories of some of the descendants of Henry IlLES were that Henry had come to America as a Hessian soldier. (Barbara Crawford for one). [51]
6. Arguing against them being the same person is information in a history book written in the 1880s. This book was found in a Ohio library, by Lt. Colonel Dick Wright, USAF (Ret) and it included the following regarding Henry lLES. [52]
"Henry ILES, was born and reared in England, and in the Revolutionary War was compelled to fight in favor of the British Government, and was taken as a prisoner of war in New York. Not being in sympathy with the British in opposing the liberty of the American people, and through his kindness to the guards of the prison he obtained their good will, and was thereby enabled to make his escape and went on foot to Rockingham County, Va. He married Miss Mary M. STINE, of Reading, Pa.; as the fruit of their marriage there were born unto them ten children, eight sons and two daughters. About the year 1802 they moved to Licking County, Ohio. His occupation was that of tailoring. He died Jan. 14, 1814, in the fifty-sixth year of his age, His wife, Mary M. (STINE) Iles, was born in Reading, Pa., and died Feb. 14, 1832, in the sixty-ninth year of her age. Their remains rest in the cemetery in Bennington Township, Licking Co., Ohio." Reference: History of Hocking Valley, pp. 960, pub. [52]
1883.” [52]
A counter argument could be that this story was an effort of Henry’s family to “hide” his Hessian roots, while admitting he did fight in the Revolutionary War on the side of the English, even though he “was compelled to fight in favor of the British Government”. [9]
Robert Fetters, who has done years of research on Hessian history and specifically on his ancestor John Henrich Hammer states. “Yes, Hessian descent was hidden. Part of the American propaganda during the Revolution was the atrocities that the Hessians supposedly committed---I suspect that both the British and Americans were just as bad, but the Hessian carried the hate with them. They became the “boogie men” that children were told about at bed time. My JHH Hessian background was well hidden, and only family tradition carried forward attributed him to Hessian service. Even recognizing that, my JHH was a parochial teacher and German church Minister, his obit avoids the Hessian soldier background, and all the local family to the present were unaware of that possible connection.” [53]
Robert Fetters also states “Rockingham County, Virginia was rife with German-Americans and was a good location for a German to migrate (even hide, as many Hessians did). I have several (pre-Revolution) German families there in Rockingham County...., all originating in Pennsylvania, and my German Trout’s migrated in the early 1800’s to Licking County, Ohio.” This is precisely the route Henry ILES took, Pennsylvania to Rockingham, Virginia and then Licking County, Ohio. [53]
Also from the “The Hessians” by Edward J. Lowell, Raymond J. Andrews in the Introduction states, “In the late nineteenth century, the Germans were still perceived as the ‘TERRIBLE HESSIANS’; whole regiments of mercenaries who were brought to America to kill, plunder and ruin.” [54] The “popular imagination had made fiends of the Hessians”. [55] Is it any wonder then that the Hessians and their families settling in America might have wanted to hide or had to hide their Hessian background?
Also, it is interesting to note that Reading, PA, the home of Henry’s wife, Mary STINE, was a location where Hessian soldiers were interred. Is it possible that this is where Henry and Mary met and fell in love? [15]
7. Ancestry.com currently has six user trees submitted regarding Henry ILES born 1749. One indicates he was born in England, whereas four indicate he was born in Germany, and a fifth that he was probably born in Germany. [49]
8. It is also interesting that the first child of Henry ILES and Mary STINE was named John, whereas the second was named Henry. [8] These names are very similar to the first two names of Johann Henrich EYL.
Although I am strongly inclined to believe that Henry ILES and Johann Henrich EYL are one and the same, any additional evidence to further prove or disprove the connection would be appreciated. [9]
Robert W. Smothers
Colonel, USAF (Ret)
rsmothers@san.rr.com
Most of the information concerning his Hessian roots has been obtained from the AMREVHESSIAN mailing list Website, (freepages.military.rootsweb.com/-bonsteinandgilpin/index.htm), with the help of some of their very fine historians. Bob Brooks, Robert Fetters, and the administrator of their web site, Nelda Percival, who introduced me to the site. Their e-mail is AMREV-HESSIANS-L@rootsweb.com. The later information about Henry Iles is primarily from Dick Wright, e-mail: come2yourcensus@aol.com. Much of the information on the AMREV-HESSIAN website was provided by John Merz.
I am particularly grateful to Bob Brooks and Robert Fetters. Bob Brooks provided most of the known information regarding Eyl’s Hessian roots as well as pointing the way to excellent resources for further research. Robert Fetters has provided a copy of the Journal of the Fusilier Regiment von Knyphausen and information about his ancestor Johann Henrich HaAMMER/ Rev. John Henry HAMMER/HOMMER/HOMER. Robert Fetter’s ancestor Johann Henrich HAMMER was in the same Regiment and Company as Johann Henrich EYL They were both captured at Trenton and later exchanged back to the British/Hessians. Furthermore it appears that they both deserted the Hessians and took the Oath of Allegiance together. Therefore, much of the information Robert Fetters has come up with concerning HAMMER, most likely also applies to EYL
DESCENDANT LINE
Johann Henrich EYL/Henry ILES > Adam ILES > Rheuama ILES PETERS >
(ABT 1749 - 1814) (1795 -1857) (1817 - 1863)
Mattie PETERS SMOTHERS > Arthur E. SMOTHERS > Robert W. SMOTHERS
(1861 - 1951) (1864 - 1973) (1922 - )
Sources
1. AMREV-HESSIANS-L@rootsweb.com, “Re: (HESSIAN) JOHANN HENRICH EYL (ILES),” Nelda Percival <nelda_percival@hotmail.com, 28 Nov 2005.
2. Posted by D. Wright Re: Adam Iles: e mail seli5@aol.com, “Iles Family Genealogy Forum,” http://genforum.genealogy.com/iles/messages/4.html, Posted 12 October 1998, England is specified as POB in followup message by D. Wright.
3. AMREV-HESSIANS-L@rootsweb.com, “Re: (HESSIAN) JOHANN HENRICH EYL (ILES),” Bob Brooks <rcbrooks@pivot.net> 29 Nov 2005.
4. “Ancestry.com Family Trees,” 17 January 2006, Entries: 1115, contact diles sefi56@hotmail.com.
5. Posted by D. Wright Re: Adam Iles: e mail seli5@aol.com, “Iles Family Genealogy Forum,” http://genforum.genealogy.com/iles/messages/4.html, Posted 12 October 1998.
6. Bob Brooks email - <rcbrooks@pivot.net>, “Johann Henrich EYL,” 18 Jan 2006, RWS files.
7. e mail Lt Col Richard Wright, “Re. Henry Iles,” 8 Jan 2006, RWS files.
8. “Telephone call with Scelia Ilse Widmayer (614) 491 5188,” 13 Jan 2006, Robert Smothers.
9. “Author Citation,” Author of these remarks. Robert (Bob) W. Smothers, La Jolla, California.
10. Mark M. Boatner III, Encyclopedia of the American Revolution, Stackpole Books, 1999, Page 588.
11. AMREV-HESSIANS-L@rootsweb.com, “Re: (HESSIAN) JOHANN HENRICH EYL (ILES).”
12. Donald Fehlings email: Dfehlings@aol.com, “Johann Henrich Eyl,” 17 Jan 2006, RWS file.
13. Edward J. Lowell, THE HESSIANS and the other German Auxiliaries of Great Britain in the Revolutionary War, Corner House Historical Publications, Gansevoort, New York 1997, Page 46.
14. AMREV-HESSIANS-L@rootsweb.com, “Re: (HESSIAN) JOHANN HENRICH EYL (ILES),” rcbrooks@pivot.net 29 Nov 2005.
15. Bob Brooks email <rcbrooks@pivot.net., “Johann Henrich EYL,” 25 Jan 2006, RWS files.
16. AMREV-HESSIANS-L@rootsweb.com, “Re: (HESSIAN) JOHANN HENRICH EYL (ILES),” robrook@pivot.net 29 Nov 05.
17. Robert A. Fetters and Linda Black Shillinger e mailfetters@bright.net, “Johann Henrich Hammer - How We Got from Family Tradition to Proof of Hessian Descent,” 14 Jan 2006, RWS files.
18. AMREV-HESSIANS-L@rootsweb.com, “Re: (HESSIAN) JOHANN HENRICH EYL (ILES),” The Hessians by Johannes Helmut Merz.
19. AMREV-HESSIANS-L@rootsweb.com, “Re: (HESSIAN) JOHANN HENRICH EYL (ILES),” Transport Ships, transcribed by Robert Carver Brooks.
20. AMREV-HESSIANS-L@rootsweb.com, “Re: (HESSIAN) JOHANN HENRICH EYL (ILES),” Transport Ships.
21. Reportedly kept by Lt. Ritter, Journal of the Fusilier Regiment von Knyphausen From 1776 to 1783, Journal was in G.K. Hall’s “Hessian Documents in the American Revolution”, Document “P”, as translated, and obtained from microfiche at the U.S. Army & Education Center, U.S. Army Military History Institute, 950 Soldiers Drive, Carlisle, PA 17013-5021, Information above provide by Robert Fetters.
22. David McCullough, 1776, Simon & Schustder, Page 197.
23. Robert A. Fetters and Linda Black Shillinger e mailfetters@bright.net, “Johann Henrich Hammer - How We Got from Family Tradition to Proof of Hessian Descent,” 14 Jan 2006, RWS files, 234.
24. David McCullough, 1776, Simon & Schustder, Pages 241, 242, 243.
25. David McCullough, 1776, Simon & Schustder, Page 243ii.
26. Reportedly kept by Lt. Ritter, Journal of the Fusilier Regiment von Knyphausen From 1776 to 1783, Journal was in G.K. Hall’s “Hessian Documents in the American Revolution”, Document “P”, as translated, and obtained from microfiche at the U.S. Army & Education Center, U.S. Army Military History Institute, 950 Soldiers Drive, Carlisle, PA 17013-5021, Information above provide by Robert Fetters, [.
27. Mark M. Boatner III, Encyclopedia of the American Revolution, Stackpole Books, 1999, Page 379.
28. Mark M. Boatner III, Encyclopedia of the American Revolution, Stackpole Books, 1999, 1114.
29. Edward J. Lowell, THE HESSIANS and the other German Auxiliaries of Great Britain in the Revolutionary War, Corner House Historical Publications, Gansevoort, New York 1997, Page 88.
30. Mark M. Boatner III, Encyclopedia of the American Revolution, Stackpole Books, 1999, Page 1114.
31. Mark M. Boatner III, Encyclopedia of the American Revolution, Stackpole Books, 1999, Page 1115 .
32. Edward J. Lowell, THE HESSIANS and the other German Auxiliaries of Great Britain in the Revolutionary War, Corner House Historical Publications, Gansevoort, New York 1997, Page 95.
33. Mark M. Boatner III, Encyclopedia of the American Revolution, Stackpole Books, 1999, Page 1115.
34. AMREV-HESSIANS-L@rootsweb.com, “Re: (HESSIAN) JOHANN HENRICH EYL (ILES),” Per report dated 27 Feb 1777 in HETRINA per Bob Brooks msg 29 Nov 2005.
35. David McCullough, 1776, Simon & Schustder, Page 281.
36. David McCullough, 1776, Simon & Schustder, Page 290.
37. Edward J. Lowell, THE HESSIANS and the other German Auxiliaries of Great Britain in the Revolutionary War, Corner House Historical Publications, Gansevoort, New York 1997, Page 100.
38. AMREV-HESSIANS-L@rootsweb.com, “Re: (HESSIAN) JOHANN HENRICH EYL (ILES),” Hessian Units and the Battles.
39. Edward J. Lowell, THE HESSIANS and the other German Auxiliaries of Great Britain in the Revolutionary War, Corner House Historical Publications, Gansevoort, New York 1997, Page 105 & 106.
40. AMREV-HESSIANS-L@rootsweb.com, “Re: (HESSIAN) JOHANN HENRICH EYL (ILES),” Bob Brooks msg 29 Nov 2005 (rcbrooks@pivot.net).
41. AMREV-HESSIANS-L@rootsweb.com, “Re: (HESSIAN) JOHANN HENRICH EYL (ILES),” Per Robert Brooks email rcbrooks@pivot.net 6 Jan 2005.
42. Bob Brooks <rcbrooks@pivot.net>, “[HESSIAN] Johann Henrich Eyl,” 29 Nov 2005, RWS files.
43. AMREV-HESSIANS-L@rootsweb.com, “Re: (HESSIAN) JOHANN HENRICH EYL (ILES),” Johannes Schwalm Historical Association, List of German soldiers who remained in North America, see Johann Henrich Hammer.
44. AMREV-HESSIANS-L@rootsweb.com, “Re: (HESSIAN) JOHANN HENRICH EYL (ILES),” msg dated Nov 30, 2005 at 5:49 PM by Robert A. Fetters.
45. AMREV-HESSIANS-L@rootsweb.com, “Re: (HESSIAN) JOHANN HENRICH EYL (ILES),” Barbara Crawford, also a descendant of Henry Ilses.
46. Dwight Iles, “Adam Iles,” Ancestry.com family trees re Iles, 19 Jan 2006.
47. AMREV-HESSIANS-L@rootsweb.com, “Re: (HESSIAN) JOHANN HENRICH EYL (ILES),” Hessian Guide, Hessians remaining in America, listing names.
48. “TELEPHONE Interview with Scelia Widmayer on 13 Jan 2005,” 13 Jan 2006, Robert Smothers, Ohio & California.
49. “Ancestry.com Family Trees,” 17 January 2006.
50. AMREV-HESSIANS-L@rootsweb.com, “Re: (HESSIAN) JOHANN HENRICH EYL (ILES),” “Hessian Guide” The Hessians Remaining In America, by John Merz.
51. Barb Crawford, “Iles Family - Ohio Branch,” RootsWeb.com, 25 Nov 2005, 7:23pm GMT.
52. Richard Wright e mail - Come2YourCensus@aol.com, “Henry ILES 1883 Hocking Co History,” 6 Jan 2006, RWS files.
53. Robert A. Fetters fetters@bright.net, “Johann Henrich Eyl,” 17 Jan 2006, RWS files.
54. Edward J. Lowell, THE HESSIANS and the other German Auxiliaries of Great Britain in the Revolutionary War, Corner House Historical Publications, Gansevoort, New York 1997, Introduction.
55. Edward J. Lowell, THE HESSIANS and the other German Auxiliaries of Great Britain in the Revolutionary War, Corner House Historical Publications, Gansevoort, New York 1997, Page 83.
56. AMREV-HESSIANS-L@rootsweb.com, “Re: (HESSIAN) JOHANN HENRICH EYL (ILES),” Hessians Units and the Battles.
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Last Modified: 26 Mar 2006
Created: 27 Mar 2006
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