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Shalom Viviana. My name is Raymond Cruz. I live in San Diego, Ca. This is probably not the type of information you are seeking but let me give you what little I know and hopefully you can add it to the list of things you've already learned. It's my understanding that the Jews from Spain were forced to accept Catholicism or leave the country. Many went to Portugal and eventually were forced to leave there also. Those that did convert changed their names and were called Marano Jews which I believe means filthy pig. In the attempt to keep their Jewish identity the letters "es" as in Lopes, Hernandes Gonzales etc. were changed to "ez" which stands for eretz or aretz, meaning the land of Israel. Their property and possessions were taken. This is how Columbus's voyage was financed. Many, if not all that sailed with Columbus were Marano Jews. It is believed that Columbus was also a Jew. There are 3 places in Mexico where the Jewish people settled; first in Oaxaca, second in Monterrey and lastly in Guadalajara. My father was from a village near Guadalajara. I'm not even sure how it's spelled or pronounced. I believe it's called yagualica. I hope this helps.
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