Chat | Daily Search | My GenForum | Community Standards | Terms of Service Jump to Forum Home: Surnames: Berrien Family Genealogy Forum Cornelius Jansen Berrien more info Posted by: Juanita L. Berrian Date: April 02, 2000 at 07:25:21   of 76 More places to check: Descendants of Cornelius Jansen Berrien Generation No. 1 1. CORNELIUS JANSEN1 BERRIEN was born WFT Est. 1613-1641 in Europe, and died 1689 in Newtown, Long Island, New York. He married JANNETIE STRYKER 1652, daughter of JAN STRYKER and LAMBERTJE SEUBERING. She was born WFT Est. 1629-1641, and died Aft. 1705. Notes for CORNELIUS JANSEN BERRIEN: Cornelius Jansen Berrien The Berrien family is said to be of French origin. They may have been from the town of Berrien, in the department of Finistere. According to family tradition, the ancestor of the Berriens in America was a Huguenot who was forced to flee France and take refuge in Holland. Cornelius Jansen Berrien arrived in Flatbush (now a section of Brooklyn) as early as 1669. With him came his wife Jannetie, (daughter of Jan Stryker), whom he had married in 1652. Cornelius Jansen Berrien, sometimes called Berry, was a deacon of the Dutch Church. In 1685 he moved to Newtown, Long Island, where he purchased several hundred acres of land at the head of Flushing Bay. He died in 1689. Samuel Edsall afterwards married his widow.[1] Children: 1. John, d. April 1711; m. Ruth Edsall, his step-sister 2. Peter, b. 1672; d. Apr. 5, 1737; m. Elizabeth Edsall, his step-sister 3. Nicholas, b. ca. 1681; d. Dec. 27, 1737; m. Sarah Brinkerhoff 4. Catharine, m. Jeromus Remsen 5. Agnes, m. Lt. Joris Rapelji [1]James Riker, Annals of Newtown (1852), pp. 338-39; see also New York Genealogical & Biographical Record, Vol. 14, p. 144. =============================================================== Subject: Re: CD 173 lookup Date: Tue, 27 Oct 1998 16:18:51 -0900 From: "Mary Jefferson" <mjeffers@ptialaska.net> To: <kalotac@cinci.infi.net> The references to John Berrien: >From abstracts of early wills of Queens, New York: Cornelius Johnson Berrien of Newtown 12 Dec 1687. Half estate to wife Johannah; residue to my children (not named) equally except that son John shall have 10 pounds more than the others, Youngest child shall be maintained til of age. Overseers: Brothers-in-law Abram of Newtown and Peter Strickland of Flatbush. Will pro 21 May 1691. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- All testimony and family traditions ascribed to this ancient family show that it is of French origin, and it is supposed that the early ancestors came from and had their seat at "Berrien," now a town of considerable size in the department of Finis Terre. Concurrent traditions existing in diverse branches of the family declare that their ancestor was Huguenot, who, during the civil wars of France, was forced to flee and took refuge in Holland. Cornelius Jansen Berrien, as appears upon the early records of the family, was the first of the name that emigrated to this country, and became the common progenitor of the family here. He settled in Flatbush, Long Island, as early as 1669, and there married Jeannetie, daughter of Jan Stryker. Being a person of character and education, he was appointed to fill positions of trust and held offices in the town government and was a deacon in the Dutch church. In 1683, by appointment of the Colonial Assembly, he served as one of a commission to levy a special tax in the province. In 1685 he removed to Newtown, Long Island, where, during the previous year he and his brother-in-law, Abraham Brinckerhoff, had bought over four hundred acres of land at thehead of Flushing Bay, which they afterward divided. Mr. Berrien died at Newtown in 1688, and his widow married secondly, Samuel Edsall, Esq. Children of Cornelius Jansen Berrien: John, Peter, Nicholas, Catharine, who married Joromes Remsen; Agnes, married Lieutenant Joris Rapelje. Lee, Francis Bazley, "Genealogical and Personal Memorial of Mercer County, New Jersey"         Children of CORNELIUS BERRIEN and JANNETIE STRYKER are:        i.       AGNES2 BERRIEN, b. WFT Est. 1647-1682; d. WFT Est. 1664-1764; m. JORIS RAPELJI, WFT Est. 1664-1714; b. WFT Est. 1638-1680; d. WFT Est. 1664-1759.        ii.       CATHERINE BERRIEN, b. WFT Est. 1647-1682; d. WFT Est. 1664-1764; m. JEROMUS REMSEN, WFT Est. 1664-1714; b. WFT Est. 1638-1680; d. WFT Est. 1664-1759. 2.       iii.       JOHN BERRIEN, b. Bef. 1672; d. April 1711. 3.       iv.       PETER BERRIEN, b. 1672; d. April 05, 1737.        v.       NICHOLAS BERRIEN, b. Abt. 1681; d. December 27, 1737; m. SARAH BRINKERHOFF, WFT Est. 1698-1726; b. WFT Est. 1677-1696; d. WFT Est. 1698-1781. Notes for NICHOLAS BERRIEN: Nicholas was an intelligent farmer, and for a time a magistrate. He owned a farm on Flushing Bay which he had bought in 1712 of William Stevenson, it having been owned at an earlier date by John Ramsden. Nicholas Berrien married his cousin, Sara, daughter of Abraham Brinckerhoff, and widow of Jacob Rapelje. He died without issue, December 27, 1737, aged fifty-six years. He bequeathed his farm to the children of his brother, John, who sold it to Nathaniel Fish, and is now owned by Daniel Lent. Lee, Francis Bazley, "Genealogical and Personal Memorial of Mercer County, New Jersey" Generation No. 2 2. JOHN2 BERRIEN (CORNELIUS JANSEN1) was born Bef. 1672, and died April 1711. He married RUTH EDSALL April 05, 1697, daughter of SAMUEL EDSALL and RUTH WOODHULL. She was born WFT Est. 1660-1686, and died February 28, 1763. Notes for JOHN BERRIEN: John Berrien, eldest son of Cornelius, was a farmer and brewer on the paternal estate, at the head of Flushing Bay. He married, April 5, 1697, his step-sister, Ruth Edsall. He served as a justice of the peace, and died in April, 1711. His widow married secondly, Samuel Fish. Children of John Berrien: Cornelius, born January 8, 1698; Samuel, born August 30, 1700; Jane, born March 1, 1703, she married first Dennis Lawrence, and secondly, Andrew Riker; Richard, born September 11, 1706; Catharine, born November 13, 1709, she married Rem Remsen; her twin sister, Agnes, born November 14, 1709, who married Captain Samuel Fish. Samuel and Richard Berrien were seafaring men, and masters of their own vessels. The former it is said, died in the West Indies. Lee, Francis Bazley, "Genealogical and Personal Memorial of Mercer County, New Jersey" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Subject: Re: CD 173 lookup Date: Tue, 27 Oct 1998 16:18:51 -0900 From: "Mary Jefferson" <mjeffers@ptialaska.net> To: <kalotac@cinci.infi.net> The references to John Berrien: From abstracts of early wills of Queens, New York: John Berrien overseer of the will of Thomas Betts of Newtown 23 Sept 1709. John Berrien executor of the will of Henry Franklin of Flushing 1 Apr 1710. More About RUTH EDSALL: Baptism: April 02, 1683         Children of JOHN BERRIEN and RUTH EDSALL are: 4.       i.       CORNELIUS3 BERRIEN, b. January 08, 1696/97; d. March 30, 1767.        ii.       SAMUEL BERRIEN, b. August 30, 1700; d. WFT Est. 1701-1790. Notes for SAMUEL BERRIEN: Samuel and Richard Berrien were seafaring men, and masters of their own vessels. The former it is said, died in the West Indies. Lee, Francis Bazley, "Genealogical and Personal Memorial of Mercer County, New Jersey"        iii.       JANE BERRIEN, b. March 01, 1702/03; d. WFT Est. 1717-1797; m. (1) DENNIS LAWRENCE, WFT Est. 1717-1750; b. WFT Est. 1686-1706; d. WFT Est. 1720-1792; m. (2) ANDREW RIKER, WFT Est. 1717-1750; b. WFT Est. 1686-1706; d. WFT Est. 1720-1792.        iv.       RICHARD BERRIEN, b. September 11, 1706; d. WFT Est. 1707-1796. Notes for RICHARD BERRIEN: Samuel and Richard Berrien were seafaring men, and masters of their own vessels. The former it is said, died in the West Indies. Lee, Francis Bazley, "Genealogical and Personal Memorial of Mercer County, New Jersey"        v.       AGNES BERRIEN, b. November 13, 1709; d. October 11, 1734; m. SAMUEL FISH, June 21, 1727; b. November 24, 1704; d. August 27, 1776. Notes for AGNES BERRIEN: Colonial Families of the United States of America: Volume 5 ISSUE BY FIRST MARRIAGE SAMUEL FISH of Newtown, Long Island, New York; b. 24th November, 1704; d. 27th August, 1776; Captain of a merchant vessel which was captured by the British early in the Revolutionary War; m. (firstly) 21st June, 1727, Agnes BERRIEN; d. 11th October, 1734, dau. of John BERRIEN; m. (second) 22d April, 1748, Abigail HOWARD, dau. of Edward HOWARD; m. (third) 19th November, 1752, Anna BETTS.        vi.       CATHERINE BERRIEN, b. November 13, 1709; d. WFT Est. 1723-1803; m. REM REMSEN, WFT Est. 1723-1756; b. WFT Est. 1692-1712; d. WFT Est. 1726-1798. 3. PETER2 BERRIEN (CORNELIUS JANSEN1) was born 1672, and died April 05, 1737. He married ELIZABETH EDSALL August 10, 1706, daughter of SAMUEL EDSALL and RUTH WOODHULL. She was born WFT Est. 1668-1695, and died May 06, 1763. Notes for PETER BERRIEN: Peter Berrien Peter Berrien was born in 1672. He was the son of Cornelius Jansen Berrien and Jannetie Stryker. On August 10, 1706, he married his step-sister, Elizabeth Edsall. She was the daughter of Samuel Edsall and Ruth Woodhull. Peter was a surveyor and large landholder. According to James Riker, "he served several years as supervisor, and enjoyed a large measure of public confidence. He presented the ground on which the first Dutch church in Newtown was erected."[1] He was Sheriff of Queens County in 1699. He died suddenly, while riding from Newtown to his house, on April 5, 1737. His widow died May 6, 1763. Both deaths are recorded in the registers of the Newtown Presbyterian Church.[2] Children: 1. Cornelius, b. May 24, 1707; d. Jan. 14, 1758; m. Amy Smith 2. Samuel, b. Sept. 29, 1709; d. Aug. 29, 1742 3. John, b. Nov. 19, 1711; d. Apr. 22, 1772; m. Margaret Eaton; was trustee of Princeton College and a judge; George Washington stayed at his mansion at Rocky Hill, N.J., and wrote his farewell to the Army there; the site, "Rockingham," is now open to the public; his grandson, John MacPherson Berrien was a U.S. Senator and U.S. Attorney General under Andrew Jackson 4. Peter, b. Feb. 6, 1714; d. 1781; m. Anna Emmons 5. Jane (or Jannetie), b. Sept. 29, 1716; d. Mar. 24, 1789; m. Nathaniel Fish 6. Nicholas, b. Aug. 3, 1720 7. Jacob, b. Apr. 10, 1723 8. Benjamin, bapt. Apr. 10, 1726 [1]James Riker, Annals of Newtown (1852), pp. 341-42. [2]Henry Hoff, "The Descendants of Richard Woodhull," The Genealogist, Vol. 2:2, (1981), pp. 208-209.         Children of PETER BERRIEN and ELIZABETH EDSALL are: 5.       i.       CORNELIUS3 BERRIEN, b. May 24, 1707; d. January 14, 1758.        ii.       SAMUEL BERRIEN, b. September 29, 1709; d. August 29, 1742. 6.       iii.       JOHN BERRIEN, b. November 19, 1711, Long Island, New York ?; d. April 22, 1772, Rocky Hill, Somerset County, New Jersey. 7.       iv.       PETER BERRIEN, b. February 06, 1713/14; d. 1781, Somerset County, New Jersey.        v.       JANE (JANNETIE) BERRIEN, b. September 29, 1716; d. March 24, 1789; m. NATHANIEL FISH, February 14, 1737/38; b. December 18, 1700, Newtown, New York; d. March 03, 1769.        vi.       NICHOLAS BERRIEN, b. August 03, 1720; d. WFT Est. 1721-1810. Notes for NICHOLAS BERRIEN: Became a merchant in New York City.        vii.       JACOB BERRIEN, b. April 10, 1723; d. WFT Est. 1724-1813. Notes for JACOB BERRIEN: Became a merchant in New York City. Never married.        viii.       BENJAMIN BERRIEN, b. WFT Est. 1693-1721; d. WFT Est. 1699-1800. More About BENJAMIN BERRIEN: Baptism: April 10, 1726 Generation No. 3 4. CORNELIUS3 BERRIEN (JOHN2, CORNELIUS JANSEN1) was born January 08, 1696/97, and died March 30, 1767. He married SARAH HALLETT December 09, 1719. She was born 1703, and died January 11, 1797. Notes for CORNELIUS BERRIEN: In 1727 he bought from Timothy Wood the island since called Berrien's Island, with adjoining property now comprising the farm of Ezra N. Berrien. Here Mr. Berrien died March 30, 1767, aged sixty-nine years.         Children of CORNELIUS BERRIEN and SARAH HALLETT are: 8.       i.       JOHN4 BERRIEN, b. September 20, 1720; d. September 26, 1773. 9.       ii.       SAMUEL BERRIEN, b. 1723; d. WFT Est. 1767-1815. 10.       iii.       RICHARD BERRIEN, b. Abt. 1726; d. 1802.        iv.       NICHOLAS BERRIEN, b. WFT Est. 1719-1745; d. WFT Est. 1725-1825. Notes for NICHOLAS BERRIEN: Settled in Westchester County, New York 11.       v.       CORNELIUS BERRIEN, b. January 30, 1734/35; d. July 07, 1810.        vi.       PETER BERRIEN, b. WFT Est. 1719-1745; d. WFT Est. 1725-1825.        vii.       JACOB BERRIEN, b. WFT Est. 1719-1745; d. WFT Est. 1725-1825. Notes for JACOB BERRIEN: Died while on a voyage to the Bay of Honduras.        viii.       PHEBE BERRIEN, b. WFT Est. 1719-1745; d. WFT Est. 1735-1828; m. WILLIAM WARNER, WFT Est. 1735-1780; b. WFT Est. 1709-1744; d. WFT Est. 1735-1823.        ix.       RUTH BERRIEN, b. WFT Est. 1719-1745; d. WFT Est. 1735-1828; m. JACOB HALLETT, WFT Est. 1735-1780; b. WFT Est. 1709-1744; d. WFT Est. 1735-1823. 5. CORNELIUS3 BERRIEN (PETER2, CORNELIUS JANSEN1) was born May 24, 1707, and died January 14, 1758. He married AMY SMITH WFT Est. 1722-1749. She was born WFT Est. 1694-1717, and died December 22, 1793. Notes for CORNELIUS BERRIEN: Remained in Newtown and in 1740 bought the paternalfarm, later owned by Richard Berrien, later the residence of Mrs. Denton. He served as a civil magistrate, and was an elder in the Presbyterian Church in Newtown. Notes for AMY SMITH: A woman of high educational attainments and culture.         Children of CORNELIUS BERRIEN and AMY SMITH are: 12.       i.       CORNELIUS4 BERRIEN, b. October 14, 1734; d. December 12, 1805. 13.       ii.       JOHN BERRIEN, b. WFT Est. 1726-1749; d. September 25, 1784.        iii.       PETER BERRIEN, b. WFT Est. 1728-1754; d. 1777. Notes for PETER BERRIEN: Became a shipmaster and a member of the Marine Society, sailed a vessel owned by his brother Cornelius and lost his life on the Spanish main in 1777.        iv.       ELIZABETH BERRIEN, b. WFT Est. 1728-1754; d. WFT Est. 1744-1837; m. RICHARD BETTS, WFT Est. 1744-1788; b. WFT Est. 1718-1753; d. WFT Est. 1744-1832.        v.       AMY BERRIEN, b. WFT Est. 1728-1754; d. WFT Est. 1744-1837; m. RICHARD LAWRENCE, WFT Est. 1744-1788; b. WFT Est. 1718-1753; d. WFT Est. 1744-1832.        vi.       JANE BERRIEN, b. WFT Est. 1728-1754; d. WFT Est. 1744-1837; m. WILLIAM NICOLL, WFT Est. 1744-1788; b. WFT Est. 1718-1753; d. WFT Est. 1744-1832.        vii.       CATHERINE BERRIEN, b. WFT Est. 1728-1754; d. WFT Est. 1744-1837; m. NATHAN FISH, WFT Est. 1744-1788; b. WFT Est. 1718-1753; d. WFT Est. 1744-1832. 6. JOHN3 BERRIEN (PETER2, CORNELIUS JANSEN1) was born November 19, 1711 in Long Island, New York ?, and died April 22, 1772 in Rocky Hill, Somerset County, New Jersey. He married MARGARET EATON August 16, 1759, daughter of JOHN EATON. She was born 1711, and died 1785. Notes for JOHN BERRIEN: The National Society of the Daughters of the American Revolution Volume 18 Mrs. Margaret Lawrence Hoyte Hicks. DAR ID Number: 17845 John Berrien, (1711-1772), gave patriotic service before the Revolution and his home at Rocky Hill, New Jersey, became famous as headquarters of Washington. His wife sold her valuables to aid the suffering army at Valley Forge, and his son John was a member of the Cincinnati. ===================== John, b. Nov. 19, 1711; d. April 22, 1772; m. Margaret Eaton; was trustee of Princeton College and a judge; George Washington stayed at his mansion at Rocky Hill, New Jersey, and wrote his farewell to the Army there; the site, "Rockingham," is now open to the public; his grandson, John MacPherson Berrien was a U.S. Senator and U.S. Attorney General under Andrew Jackson ================================ John Berrien, though he lived a few miles from Princeton, was really a Princeton man, a contemporary with Richard Stockton and J. Dickinson Sergeant at the bar of New Jersey for several years before the Revolution. He was a colonial justice of the Supreme Court, and an intimate friend of Judge Leonard, as well as of the gentlemen just named. He was a trustee of Princeton, and had represented Somerset County in the Provincial Assembly in 1769, and died in 1762, in the sixty-first year of his age. He was buried in Princeton Cemetery, where an ancient monument marks his grave, and his old stone residence on the eastern bank of the Millstone River, at Rocky Hill, where Washington made his private headquarters in 1783, is still standing as an old landmark. --Woodward, Evan M. "History of Burlington and Mercer Counties" ========================================================== John Berrien, grandfather of Isaac Scudder Berrrien, became a merchant at Rocky Hill in Somerset County, New Jersey. From 1763 till his death he was one of the trustees of Princeton College, besides holding other responsible public positions. On his tombstone in Princeton cemetery is the following inscription: "Sacred to the memory of the Hon. John Berrien, Esq., one of the Justices of the Supreme Court of Judicature of the Province of New Jersey, who died much lamented on the 22nd day of April, A. D. 1772, in the sixty-first year of his age." In the old Berrien mansion at Rocky Hill, Somerset County, New Jersey, General Washington remained while congress met at Princeton, using the same for official residence and headquarters, and from the doorstep he made his memorable farewell address, November 2, 1783. In 1907 the old mansion was owned by the DAR, who furnished it with all the Colonial furniture obtainable, a few of the pieces being the identical ones formerly owned and used by the Judge. There are many visitors to the old homestead, and a small entrance fee is exacted from each. A caretaker shows the room in which the address was written and the very table that was used by Washington in writing the famous document. --Lee, Francis Bazley "Genealogical and Personal Memorial of Mercer County, New Jersey" ====================================== Came to Rocky Hill as a surveyor from Long Island in 1735. Then purchased or had Rockingham built. A portion of the house may have been on a tract purchased from John Harrison and obtained by him in 1701 from Indians. After his second marriage in 1759 the house was enlarged and in that state it was rented and occupied by General Washington from Judge Berrien's widow for his use while peace treaty meetings were underway at Princeton and while composing his Farewell Address to the Army. The Judge and second wife had six children. On April 22, 1772 he invited several close friends, including Richard Stockton to witness his will. After they did so, he jumped into deep part of the Millstone River near his home and drowned. -p. 286, The New Jersey Almanac ====================================== Assigning the command of the troops to Major-General Knox, Washington left Newburgh upon the 18th of August and arrived at Rocky Hill, New Jersey, upon the 24th, where, in a residence suitably prepared by order of Congress, he established his headquarters. Standing upon an elevated point near the banks of the Millstone, this home of the then late John Berrien, associate justice of the Supreme Court of New Jersey, was throughout the autumn a center for the social life of that portion of the State. From its piazzas the commander-in-chief could see the continuation of the road over which he had pursued the British regiments flying, after the surprise at Princeton, to the shelter of New Brunswick. To the south and west lay the Hopewell Valley, where had been held the council of war which decided the fate of Monmouth and swept the King's troops from New Jersey. Over the hills lay Somerville, where had been planned the Indian campaign of 1779, while to the far east was Amboy and the Tory rendezvous of Staten Island. New Jersey As a Colony & as a State Vol 2 ========================================= THE WASHINGTON HEADQUARTERS AT ROCKY HILL BY KATE E. MC FARLANE, ROCKY HILL, N. J. About one hundred and seventy-eight years ago there was built on a hill, a mile east of Rocky Hill village, about five hundred feet from the Millstone river, a large house, slave quarters and outbuildings. The house had the dignified title of "Mansion," and the place was named (after the English style, which was to give names to all large estates or homes), "Rockingham." It faced south, with a piazza and balcony across the entire front. There was only one centre chimney, into which four fireplaces opened. It was the custom in those days to put on the iron back of the fireplace the date when a house was built; on the parlor one we find the numbers, "1734." This mansion was built by Judge John Berrien, who was appointed a Judge of Somerset county in 1739, and a Justice of the Supreme Court in 1764. When the writer first took an interest in the preservation of the house, the following letter, which is self-explanatory, was received under date of June 12, 1896: "I write, dear Miss, to thank you for the great interest for good that you are taking in the Berrien Mansion at Rocky Hill. This house was owned by my great-great-grandfather, Judge Berrien, who was for eleven years a Trustee at Princeton, and is buried in the cemetery there. He was one of the Justices of the Supreme Court of Judicature of the Province of New Jersey; born in 1711 and died in 1772." Mrs. Berrien resided there after the Judge's death, in 1772, until about 1783. She then put in the "Royal Gazette," of New York City, under date of July 5, 1783, an advertisement as follows: "FOR SALE--That very healthy and finely situated farm, 'Rockingham.' The property of Mrs. Margaret Berrien. This farm lies on the river Millstone, about five miles from Princeton, on the road leading from Princeton to Morristown. It contains about 320 acres, a good proportion of meadows and woodland. The soil is good for wheat and natural grass, so that a great quantity of the best English meadow may be made with little trouble or expense. The place is well watered. The house contains upwards of twenty rooms of different kinds, including a kitchen very conveniently contrived and genteelly finished, and a cellar almost under the whole. There is also a very good barn, and stables, coach-house, granary and fowl house, all painted; a curious smoke-house, and other outbuildings. There are several fine young apple orchards containing the best grafted fruit in our country, besides a variety of pears, plums, peaches and cherries, raspberries and currants. There is also a small tenement on the said farm of three rooms, with a cellar and milk-room, and the whole farm abounds in springs of the best water. There are several thousand very thrifty red cedar trees, a great number of which have been trimmed and properly cultivated." At this time Congress was in session at Princeton. There being no available house near there, it rented the Berrien Mansion for General Washington. It was a delight to the General that he and his three hundred soldiers should be placed in such a picturesque spot, which, to the north looks over the Watchung Mountains, and to the west the Hopewell Valley. General Washington had been at Rocky Hill several times previous to this, and while there he and Mrs. Washington entertained many distinguished guests, for the War was practically over, and they were waiting for the Treaty of Peace to be signed and sent from France. That message was carried from New Brunswick to Princeton, the "Six-Mile run" being taken by a Mr. Cushman, descendants of whom are charter members of the Washington Headquarters. It is mentioned that when Washington had more guests than the dining-room could conveniently accommodate, there was used a marque‚ on the lawn, which shows how many guests at times he must have had while in the Berrien house. General Washington was known to smile while in Rocky Hill; theittle story is often told about his stopping to help catch the pig on his way from Princeton at the home of a Mr. John Van Horne. There was reason for the General to feel joyous while at "Rockingham," as the eight years just passed had been strenuous ones. After the battle of Princeton Washington had stopped at Rocky Hill en route to Morristown; also on the march from Hopewell, eight miles away, and distinguished as the home of John Hart, a signer of the Declaration of Independence. He marched from Hopewell, passing through Rocky Hill to Monmouth. One of Judge Berrien's sons was aide to General Washington in that battle of Monmouth. Even the soldiers enjoyed their rest at Rocky Hill, and the little figures of ships cut on the weather-boards made them true to their homeland, as we are told they were from Maine. While at Rocky Hill, Washington, having to disband his army, and wishing to acknowledge its bravery and leave it a parting message, wrote that beautifully worded letter, his "Farewell Address to the Armies," while sitting in the library at the Berrien house--the "Blue Room" as it is sometimes called--and first delivered it to his faithful officers and soldiers from the balcony, dating it "Rocky Hill near Princeton, Nov. 2, 1783." An original newspaper, presented by Mrs. Bliss of Hartford, is in this room of the headquarters, in which a note states that the address is "omitted from the November issue for want of space;" but it was published in December's number, 1783. General Washington, on leaving Rocky Hill, November 10, left orders for Captain Howe (one of whose descendants is a member of the Washington Headqarters), to have his furniture and household effects taken to Mount Vernon (which place received its name from General Washington's father's old friend, Admiral Vernon, of the English navy, 1743). The Rocky Hill mansion being dismantled, a number of pieces of furniture used by the General and Mrs. Washington were sold and found a restingplace there, some in the house, and others in nearby places. Judge Crusier coming to reside there, his daughter married a Mr. Bayles, whose son, being born in the Washington Headquarters, became a charter member of the Headquarters. As time went on the house passed from one family to another, but always was called "The Washington Headquarters." When the property became a part of Mr. David Mount's estate, the house was vacant for a few months, during which time he invited the "Village Club" to have a fancy dress-ball there. Some of them personated General and Mrs. Washington. The owner of the Berrien house not being a "Son of the Revolution," no enthusiasm could be aroused to have the hundredth anniversary celebrated there in 1883, which was greatly regretted by some of the inhabitants of Rocky Hill. After a few years the house, and quarry-lands very near, became the property of Mr. Martin A. Howell, of New Brunswick. He had different managers to live in the building. One, on leaving, took the parlor mantlepiece with him to Orange, New Jersey, as he appreciated its historic worth. In 1896 Italians were placed in the house, which the citizens of Rocky Hill much regretted. At this time, learning that the house was for rent, also that a shop might be opened there, Mr. William McFarlane and myself called on the manager, and asked for a refusal of the place for a month, which time was granted. A letter was then written by me to Adjutant-General Stryker of Trenton. His reply, dated March 18, 1896, is as follows: "DEAR MADAM: Yours of yesterday received. I have always desired to see some of the patriotic societies purchase the Berrien House at Rocky Hill. I have understood that the late Judge Sims, who was President of the Society of the Cincinnati in New Jersey, was very anxious that the Society should purchase it, and I have no doubt that, if he had lived, he would have acted promptly in this matter. I have often talked with Mr. Francis B. Lee about it. I notice what you say about the house falling into other hands. It is a great shame that it should be in any way diverted from a good use." Mr. Lee, mentioned in the above letter, also added encouragement to our enterprise. Meetings were held in Newark in the spring. In conversation with Mrs. Thomson Swan, of Princeton, one evening, I told her of the interest in the Berrien house. She being a "Daughter of the American Revolution," her patriotism was aroused, and she offered to do all in her power to help preserve the historic mansion. Like all great movements, complications arose. All the owners of the property would not consent to sell the house, fearing it would hinder the working of the quarry. In a few months they came to a decision, and said they would sell, but the house would have to be moved a short distance up the hill, and they would give the old camp-ground for it to be placed upon. We felt we had gained a great deal when the price was settled upon the house, as it was the house we were wishing to preserve and not the site. Mrs. Swan paid the price of the house, others raising the money to move and restore it. An original drawing of the house was found, which greatly assisted the architects. The work progressed rapidly, and by August 25, 1897, it was open for guests. The rooms were furnished in the old-fashioned style. The mantlepiece was returned from Orange; the andirons were donated by the Princeton Bank. A handbasin, always carried by General Washington, which has a painting of him by Trumbull, is a precious relic. A spinnet belonging to Lord Sterling, and many other historic things, are now to be found in the parlor, being preserved there by Princeton ladies and Mrs. Swan. The Trenton members handsomely furnished the dining-room; the Lawrenceville, or "Trent" Chapter, the north room. The curio room on the second floor contains gifts from the Berrien families, and Indian relics. The Rocky Hill room has a case with many interesting papers in it. The painting of Old Tennent Church, and the adjoining "Burying-ground of the Battlefield," by Mr. Jerry Hardenburg, was the first gift presented to the house in April, 1896. A mirror, another relic, was presented by Mr. Hervey Stout, a descendant of Penelope van Prince, and the hinges are the same as hung in the house over one hundred years ago. The library is facing south, and is furnished by different patriotic societies from various states. It was in this room that Washington wrote his address. Like all historical places, the Berrien house had to have a permanent title, and none seemed more fitting than "The Washington Headquarters of Rocky Hill, New Jersey." It is under a Board of Trustees, with the following officers: President--Prof. William M. Sloan, New York. Vice-President--Mrs. Junius S. Morgan, New York. Treasurer--Prof. Allen Marquand, Princeton. Secretary--Mr. Bayard Stockton, Princeton. Trustees--Mr. M. Taylor Pyne, Princeton; Mrs. Robert F. Stockton, Trenton; Mrs. Bayard Stockton, Princeton; Mr. Adrian H. Joline, New York; Miss Eliza D. Howell, New York; Mrs. Laura H. Smith, New York; Mrs. Fred de Coppet, New York; Mrs. Gustave Schermer, Princeton; Mr. Edward Howe, Princeton; Mrs. Alexander F. Jamieson, Lawrenceville; Dr. David Magie, Princeton; Miss Kate E. McFarlane, Rocky Hill; Mr. C. H. Dodge, New York; Mrs. William S. Stryker, Trenton; Mrs. Wm. M. Paxton, Princeton; Mr. A. D. Russell, Princeton; Prof. William Libby, Princeton; Mrs. W. B. Greene, Princeton. Anyone interested in preserving historical places can become a member of "The Washington Headquarters Association," by addressing the President. The membership fee is ten dollars. Since the Headquarters has been preserved, over eight thousand guests have registered, from Ireland, Switzerland, France, England, Porto Rico, Mexico, the Philippines and every state in the Union. On the 9th of October, 1909, the one hundred and twenty-sixth anniversary was celebrated. All of the historic and patriotic societies of the near-by states were asked to join with the members. The day was beautiful, and over two hundred attended. Luncheon was served under a marque‚, as in Washington's time. The Farewell Address was read by Mr. Bayard Stockton, of "Morven," Princeton, while standing on the balcony, and the other exercises, which were opened by the President, Prof. William M. Sloan, were all appropriate. On the building the flagpole, erected by the children of Princeton, has floating from it a beautiful flag, selected by the late Adjutant-General Stryker, with thirteen stars, a gift from the children of Blawenburg, Griggstown, Kingston and Rocky Hill. It daily waves a welcome, which is endorsed by our efficient caretaker, the Rev. Stephen A. Pray. The admission is twenty-five cents to non-members. The gates are open from 9 A. M. until 6 P. M., and an hour or more can be pleasantly passed in this venerable and historic mansion. Somerset County Historical Quarterly Volume I (1912) Notes for MARGARET EATON: Documents Relating to the Colonial History of the State of New Jersey Marriage Licenses. The Marriage Ceremony Females. E Divorces By the Court of Chancery. page 129 Eatton, Margaret, and John Berrien 1759 Aug. 16         Children of JOHN BERRIEN and MARGARET EATON are: 14.       i.       ELIZABETH4 BERRIEN, b. WFT Est. 1731-1768; d. WFT Est. 1781-1854. 15.       ii.       MAJOR JOHN BERRIEN, b. 1760, Rocky Hill, Somerset County, New Jersey; d. July 11, 1815, Savannah, Georgia.        iii.       WILLIAM BERRIEN, b. WFT Est. 1730-1757; d. WFT Est. 1750-1837, Arneytown, New Jersey; m. MARY, WFT Est. 1750-1794; b. WFT Est. 1730-1764; d. WFT Est. 1750-1845. Notes for WILLIAM BERRIEN: Colonial Families of the United States of America: Volume 4 ISSUE IV. Mary (Polly) b. probably at Mt. Pleasant; m. Dr. Wm. BERRIEN, who d. at Arneytown, New Jersey; younger brother of Maj. John BERRIEN, living in May, 1803, at Hopewell, New Jersey, and in October, 1807, at Bordentown, New Jersey.        iv.       SAMUEL BERRIEN, b. WFT Est. 1730-1757; d. WFT Est. 1736-1837. 16.       v.       THOMAS BERRIEN, b. 1770, Rocky Hill, Somerset County, New Jersey; d. April 06, 1850. 17.       vi.       MARY BERRIEN, b. WFT Est. 1731-1772; d. WFT Est. 1796-1857. 18.       vii.       WILLIAM BERRIEN, b. WFT Est. 1730-1757; d. WFT Est. 1755-1837, Arneytown, New Jersey. 7. PETER3 BERRIEN (PETER2, CORNELIUS JANSEN1) was born February 06, 1713/14, and died 1781 in Somerset County, New Jersey. He married ANNA EMMONS WFT Est. 1731-1762. She was born WFT Est. 1710-1729, and died WFT Est. 1735-1814. Notes for PETER BERRIEN: Settled on a farm in Somerset County, New Jersey.         Children of PETER BERRIEN and ANNA EMMONS are:        i.       HENRY4 BERRIEN, b. WFT Est. 1735-1763; d. WFT Est. 1755-1842; m. ? VAN DYCK, WFT Est. 1755-1800; b. WFT Est. 1734-1770; d. WFT Est. 1755-1850.        ii.       JOHN BERRIEN, b. WFT Est. 1735-1763; d. WFT Est. 1755-1842; m. ? VAN DYCK, WFT Est. 1755-1800; b. WFT Est. 1734-1770; d. WFT Est. 1755-1850. Notes for JOHN BERRIEN: No issue.        iii.       ELIZABETH BERRIEN, b. WFT Est. 1735-1763; d. WFT Est. 1751-1845; m. ? VAN DYCK, WFT Est. 1751-1796; b. WFT Est. 1725-1762; d. WFT Est. 1751-1840.        iv.       SARA BERRIEN, b. WFT Est. 1735-1763; d. WFT Est. 1751-1845; m. ? SCHUREMAN, WFT Est. 1751-1796; b. WFT Est. 1725-1762; d. WFT Est. 1751-1840.        v.       ANN BERRIEN, b. WFT Est. 1735-1763; d. WFT Est. 1751-1845; m. RICHARD BETTS, WFT Est. 1751-1796; b. WFT Est. 1725-1762; d. WFT Est. 1751-1840. Generation No. 4 8. JOHN4 BERRIEN (CORNELIUS3, JOHN2, CORNELIUS JANSEN1) was born September 20, 1720, and died September 26, 1773. He married ELLEN BRASHER WFT Est. 1743-1766. She was born 1731, and died September 17, 1806. Notes for JOHN BERRIEN: A merchant in New York City, and he appears at one time to have commanded a vessel. John and Ellen were both interred in Trinity churchyard.         Children of JOHN BERRIEN and ELLEN BRASHER are:        i.       ABIGAIL5 BERRIEN, b. January 08, 1754; d. WFT Est. 1768-1848; m. ALEXANDER CAMERON, WFT Est. 1768-1801; b. WFT Est. 1737-1757; d. WFT Est. 1771-1843.        ii.       JOHN BERRIEN, b. December 20, 1756; d. WFT Est. 1757-1846.        iii.       SARA BERRIEN, b. December 31, 1758; d. WFT Est. 1772-1852; m. JACOB HEGEMAN, WFT Est. 1772-1805; b. WFT Est. 1741-1761; d. WFT Est. 1775-1847.        iv.       DANIEL BERRIEN, b. August 20, 1762; d. 1795; m. WFT Est. 1781-1793. Notes for DANIEL BERRIEN: A shipbuilder, died of yellow fever. 9. SAMUEL4 BERRIEN (CORNELIUS3, JOHN2, CORNELIUS JANSEN1) was born 1723, and died WFT Est. 1767-1815. He married DORCAS TIPPETT WFT Est. 1741-1776, daughter of GEORGE TIPPETT. She was born WFT Est. 1721-1745, and died WFT Est. 1768-1832. Notes for SAMUEL BERRIEN: Settled in Westchester County, New York. He became proprietor of Tippetts, now "Berrien's Neck, " and had sons Cornelius, George, James, Richard and William.         Children of SAMUEL BERRIEN and DORCAS TIPPETT are:        i.       CORNELIUS5 BERRIEN, b. WFT Est. 1744-1773; d. WFT Est. 1750-1852.        ii.       GEORGE BERRIEN, b. WFT Est. 1744-1773; d. WFT Est. 1750-1852.        iii.       JAMES BERRIEN, b. WFT Est. 1744-1773; d. WFT Est. 1750-1852.        iv.       RICHARD BERRIEN, b. April 29, 1765; d. WFT Est. 1784-1855; m. WFT Est. 1784-1816.        v.       WILLIAM BERRIEN, b. WFT Est. 1744-1773; d. WFT Est. 1750-1852. 10. RICHARD4 BERRIEN (CORNELIUS3, JOHN2, CORNELIUS JANSEN1) was born Abt. 1726, and died 1802. He married GRACE RIKER December 24, 1748, daughter of ABRAHAM RIKER. She was born Abt. 1729, and died December 12, 1771. Notes for RICHARD BERRIEN: Occupied the farm of Jesse Leverich, Esq., and where the widow of B. Denton lived. During the Revolution, he being a Whig, was an exile in Connecticut, though his family remained on Long Island. Served as office bearer in the Presbyterian church.         Children of RICHARD BERRIEN and GRACE RIKER are:        i.       ABRAM5 BERRIEN, b. July 21, 1751; d. October 01, 1830; m. (1) MARY MOORE, WFT Est. 1770-1785; b. Abt. 1755; d. February 13, 1788; m. (2) PELATIAH WILLIAMS, February 04, 1794; b. Abt. 1760; d. October 26, 1839. Notes for ABRAM BERRIEN: Moved to Westchester and in 1796 bought from his uncle, Samuel, the estate of Tippett's Neck, near Kingsbridge. Abram and Pellatiah interred in Newtown.        ii.       SARA BERRIEN, b. March 31, 1754; d. WFT Est. 1768-1848; m. SAMUEL LEVERICH, WFT Est. 1768-1801; b. WFT Est. 1737-1757; d. WFT Est. 1771-1843.        iii.       GRACE BERRIEN, b. November 24, 1759; d. WFT Est. 1773-1853; m. JESSE LEVERICH, WFT Est. 1773-1806; b. WFT Est. 1742-1762; d. WFT Est. 1776-1848. 11. CORNELIUS4 BERRIEN (CORNELIUS3, JOHN2, CORNELIUS JANSEN1) was born January 30, 1734/35, and died July 07, 1810. He married JANE WARNER WFT Est. 1753-1772, daughter of CHARLES WARNER. She was born Abt. 1737, and died February 22, 1777. Notes for CORNELIUS BERRIEN: Remained on the paternal homestead.         Children of CORNELIUS BERRIEN and JANE WARNER are:        i.       ELIZABETH5 BERRIEN, b. November 20, 1753; d. WFT Est. 1767-1847; m. JOHN BOGART, WFT Est. 1767-1800; b. WFT Est. 1736-1756; d. WFT Est. 1770-1842.        ii.       SARA BERRIEN, b. March 29, 1755; d. WFT Est. 1769-1849; m. SAMUEL BERRIEN, WFT Est. 1769-1802; b. WFT Est. 1738-1758; d. WFT Est. 1772-1844. Notes for SARA BERRIEN: Married her cousin, Samuel, son of Nicholas of Fordham, New York.        iii.       JANE BERRIEN, b. December 24, 1757; d. WFT Est. 1771-1851; m. (1) JOHN DEACON, WFT Est. 1771-1804; b. WFT Est. 1740-1760; d. WFT Est. 1774-1846; m. (2) DANIEL FARRINGTON, WFT Est. 1771-1804; b. WFT Est. 1740-1760; d. WFT Est. 1774-1846.        iv.       SAMUEL BERRIEN, b. June 07, 1760; d. WFT Est. 1777-1850; m. SARA NEWMAN, WFT Est. 1777-1810; b. WFT Est. 1756-1776; d. WFT Est. 1777-1860.        v.       LYDIA BERRIEN, b. April 08, 1768; d. WFT Est. 1782-1862; m. WILLIAM LAWRENCE, WFT Est. 1782-1815; b. WFT Est. 1751-1771; d. WFT Est. 1785-1857.        vi.       CATHARINE BERRIEN, b. March 30, 1772; d. WFT Est. 1786-1866; m. RICHARD MOORE, WFT Est. 1786-1819; b. WFT Est. 1755-1775; d. WFT Est. 1789-1861.        vii.       JAMES BERRIEN, b. August 18, 1773; d. WFT Est. 1790-1863; m. CHARLOTTE COOPER, WFT Est. 1790-1823; b. WFT Est. 1769-1789; d. WFT Est. 1790-1873.        viii.       CORNELIUS BERRIEN, b. October 13, 1775; d. August 06, 1833. Notes for CORNELIUS BERRIEN: Obtained the paternal farm in Hellgate Neck and died unmarried leaving his estate to his kinsman, Ezra N. Berrien, son of Samuel. 12. CORNELIUS4 BERRIEN (CORNELIUS3, PETER2, CORNELIUS JANSEN1) was born October 14, 1734, and died December 12, 1805. He married ELIZABETH PENFOLD 1765, daughter of RICHARD PENFOLD. She was born Abt. 1747, and died September 10, 1817. Notes for CORNELIUS BERRIEN: During the French and Indian Wars he was first lieutenant on the privateer "Tartar," Captain Thomas Lawrence , and at the termination of their successful cruises against the French he engaged in commerce, owning and commanding several vessels. In 1777 he dispatched three vessels to the West Indies in command of his brother, Peter, his brother-in-law John Penfold, and Captain Richardson. On the Spanish main, while obtaining a shipment of mules, they were attacked by the natives, and of the three crews onlt two seamen escaped to reveal the tragedy. After the war Captain Berrien resided on the Penfold farm at Hellgate and followed husbandry till his death.         Children of CORNELIUS BERRIEN and ELIZABETH PENFOLD are:        i.       RICHARD P.5 BERRIEN, b. October 05, 1779; d. WFT Est. 1800-1869; m. ELIZABETH VANDERBECK, WFT Est. 1796-1829; b. WFT Est. 1775-1795; d. WFT Est. 1800-1879.        ii.       CORNELIUS BERRIEN, b. October 05, 1779; d. April 03, 1828; m. ELIZABETH B. MORRIS, WFT Est. 1796-1821; b. WFT Est. 1775-1794; d. WFT Est. 1800-1879. 13. JOHN4 BERRIEN (CORNELIUS3, PETER2, CORNELIUS JANSEN1) was born WFT Est. 1726-1749, and died September 25, 1784. He married SARA FISH April 27, 1763, daughter of ELNATHAN FISH. She was born WFT Est. 1719-1746, and died WFT Est. 1768-1836. Notes for JOHN BERRIEN: John for some time studied medicine, and upon relinquishing his studied engaged in mercantile persuits, meeting with success, and was prosperous. In 1775 he was chosen a member of the Committee of Safety for the city of New York, and throughout the struggle for independence gave strong evidence of his patriotism and faithfulness towards the cause of liberty. His ability was displayed in legislative and other offices. His private life was adorned by many virtues.         Child of JOHN BERRIEN and SARA FISH is:        i.       RACHEL5 BERRIEN, b. WFT Est. 1750-1783; d. WFT Est. 1768-1867; m. JOHN JAMESON, WFT Est. 1768-1817; b. WFT Est. 1742-1781; d. WFT Est. 1768-1861. 14. ELIZABETH4 BERRIEN (JOHN3, PETER2, CORNELIUS JANSEN1) was born WFT Est. 1731-1768, and died WFT Est. 1781-1854. She married (1) NATHANIEL LAWRENCE WFT Est. 1775-1794, son of THOMAS LAWRENCE and ELIZABETH FISH. He was born 1761, and died 1797 in Hempstead, New York. She married (2) JOHN LAWRENCE WFT Est. 1748-1801. He was born WFT Est. 1722-1767, and died WFT Est. 1748-1847. Notes for NATHANIEL LAWRENCE: The National Society of the Daughters of the American Revolution Volume 18 Mrs. Margaret Lawrence Hoyte Hicks. DAR ID Number: 17845 Nathaniel Lawrence, (1761-97), was a student at Princeton at the time of the battle. He served as lieutenant, 1780, and was taken prisoner at the capture of Fort Lafayette, and was not exchanged for two years. He was a member of the Cincinnati. He died in Hempstead, L. I.         Child of ELIZABETH BERRIEN and NATHANIEL LAWRENCE is:        i.       MARGARET ELIZABETH5 LAWRENCE, b. WFT Est. 1781-1798; d. WFT Est. 1805-1886; m. PHILIP LINDSLEY, WFT Est. 1802-1844; b. WFT Est. 1786-1809; d. WFT Est. 1805-1890. More About PHILIP LINDSLEY: Fact 1: Reverend 15. MAJOR JOHN4 BERRIEN (JOHN3, PETER2, CORNELIUS JANSEN1) was born 1760 in Rocky Hill, Somerset County, New Jersey, and died July 11, 1815 in Savannah, Georgia. He married (1) WILLIAMINIA SARAH ELIZA MORE WFT Est. 1778-1807, daughter of JAMES MORE and SUSANNA JONES. She was born WFT Est. 1757-1780, and died WFT Est. 1804-1868. He married (2) MARGARET MACPHERSON Abt. 1780, daughter of JOHN MACPHERSON. She was born Abt. 1763, and died 1785 in McIntosh County, Georgia. Notes for MAJOR JOHN BERRIEN: Alphabetical List of Officers of the Continental Army B Fifteenth Virginia page 101 Berrien, John (Ga). 2d Lieutenant 1st Georgia, 7th January, 1776; 1st [p.101] Lieutenant, 18th November, 1776; Captain, 27th May, 1777; Brigade Major North Carolina Brigade, 8th January, 1778; wounded at Monmouth, 28th June, 1778; Aide-de-Camp to General McIntosh, 1776 to 1778; Brevet Captain, 30th September, 1783; served to close of war. (Died 1815.) Historical Register of Officers of the Continental Army During the War of Revolution: 2d Lieutenant 1st Georgia, 7 January 1776; 1st Lieutenant, 18 November 1776; Captain, 27 May 1777; Brigade Major North Carolina Brigade, 8 January 1778; wounded at Monmouth, 28 June 1778; Aide-de-Camp to General McIntosh, 1776 to 1778; Brevet Captain, 30 September 1783; served to close of war. =========================================================================== Georgia Tax Index, 1789-1799 NAME COUNTY DISTRICT YEAR PAGE BERRIEN, JOHN CHATHAM NO DISTRICT 1793 BERRIEN, JOHN JEFFERSON JOHNSTON 1799 23 BERRIEN, JOHN MCFERSON JEFFERSON JOHNSTON 1799 19 ========================================================================== moved to Savannah in 1782 While a student at Princeton, was among the first to enlist from the state of New Jersey, commanded a company of regulars at the age of seventeen, and at eighteen was commissioned a brigadier major, in which capacity he made the campaign of New Jersey, and was engaged at the battle of Monmouth. After the close of the struggle for independence he returned to his adopted state of Georgia, to which he emigrated in 1775, and settled in Savannah, where his death occured in 1815. He took an active part in civil and legislative affairs, both local and state, and held the office of surveyor of the port of Savannah for many years, and for a short period filled the position of state treasurer. ============================= At 15 while attending College of New Jersey he left to enlist in the Revolution and was a brigadier major at 18, serving under Washington at the Battle of Monmouth and Valley Forge. A son, John Macpherson Berrien was born at Rocky Hill in 1781. Shortly after the family settled in Savannah, Georgia. --p. 286 The New Jersey Almanac =========================================================================== STOLEN or strayed out of the pasture of the subscriber at Rocky-Hill, near Princeton, on Tuesday night last, the following horses, viz. a sorrel horse, 14 and a half hands high, 8 or 9 years old, a snip in his face, a long tail, in very good order, trots, paces, and canters, upwards of half blooded. Also a bay horse, 13 and a half hands high, a small star in his forehead, his hind feet white up to his fetlocks, trots and canters, a switch tail, upwards of 3-9ths blooded, both lately trimmed. If either of them are branded, their brands are not known. Any person taking up the horses and thief or thieves, and informing the subscriber, shall receive One Hundred Dollars, and reasonable charges paid. Sixty Dollars for the horses alone. JOHN BERRIEN. --The New-Jersey Gazette, Vol. II., No. 76, Wednesday, May 19, 1779. ================================ In May of 1778, The British commander, General Clinton in Philadelphia, faced with a war with France decided it was prudent to protect New York City and Florida. He sent 3000 troops to protect Florida by sea. Then On June 18 th the British began to evacuate Philadelphia, crossing New Jersey to go to New York City. They have 11,000 troops, a thousand loyalists and a baggage train 12 miles long. Now it is the Americans turn to harass the British, and they do in small ways, burning bridges, muddying wells, cutting trees across roads, and snapping at their heels. The British advance only 40 miles in a week.The weather is warm and wet, and traveling is hard muddy work. The Hessians suffer most as they carry heavy packs, and many fall from the heat, others desert. General Lee advises to await developments-he doesn't want to commit the army against the famous ability of the British regulars. He has more experience than Washington, and has influence on all the officers, and Washington has a tendency to defer to him, against his own judgment. In a war council a majority of officers vote not to engage the enemy in an all out assault. The Americans, though now trained and better equipped, and had almost the same number of troops, they could not afford to lose a major engagement. In spite of Lee, Washington determines that the British were vulnerable to attack as they were spread out across the state with their baggage trains, and moved from Valley Forge into NJ in pursuit. On the 23 rd and 24 th, the army encamps on the farm of John Hart, in Hopewell, and Washington calls a council of war at the home of John Hunt. Incredibly, most of the officers vote not to attack the British while they are vulnerable. Washington decides to compromise, and have an advance corp engage the enemy. Now military etiquette comes into play. General Lee, who is senior should be offered the job. He doesn't want it and he doesn't support an attack- he doesn't think Americans can stand against British regulars. Washington offers it to Lafayette. Already he has the NJ militia and Morgan's riflemen on Clinton's flank, and orders Lafayette with Generals Scott and Maxwell to move near the British. Lee changes his mind- a mission of this size should be his to command. Washington allows him to take over command of the advance corp. He adds to the advance corps the brigades of Wayne and Poor, for a total of 6000 men, for an attack on the rear of the British column. Washington will support him with the main army. On the 27 th Lee is next to the British. Washington orders Lee to attack the next day, and Washington will support him with the main army. Lee does nothing to prepare for it. He tells his generals he will have to make plans as he encounters the enemy and learns their situation. He issues no orders to General Dickinson, with the NJ militia, or Col. Morgan, with the rifle regiment, which units are on the flanks of the British column. He does not gather information or look at maps. On June 28 th, General Dickinson, commanding the NJ militia, reports he is engaged with the British and they seem to be falling back. Lee moves forward slowly. He has failed to gather data on the ground or the position of the enemy, and now he hears conflicting reports that the British are moving out and that they are preparing an attack, and is annoyed of the lack of intelligence about the enemy-which he has failed to order gathered. The British were both falling back- moving their baggage- and preparing an attack with the rear-guard, but Lee couldn't get reports that clearly stated this. Lee finally gets a picture of the enemy placements in his head and orders units to move to their left and right, to cut off the rear guard of the enemy and capture them. Units march out to the flanks, but then receive no orders. Wayne, in the center, is told to feint an attack. Lee wants hold the rear guard while he encircles them, but his generals don't know the plan. General Clinton believes the American army wants to capture and plunder his baggage train, and in response to the flanking units, decides to attack where he thinks the main column is, actually the right flank of the American line, to force the flank units in to support. He sends more men to reinforce the rear guard and make the attack. The movement of the British disrupts Lee's plan to isolate and destroy the rear guard, and threatens the right flank. Lee sends Lafayette towards the right to support it. As they do, the British open on the Americans with cannon. Lee sends some of his men into the village of Monmouth to avoid the fire. On the left, the flank units see what seems to be a retreat in the center as Lee's men take cover, and at the same time an artillery unit in the area moves to the rear when they run out of ammunition. The flank units on the left move back, since they have no orders. They fail to inform Lee of their movements or send word for orders, all though they do ask some of his aides if they have orders for them. Seeing his left fall back, Lee orders the right to also withdraw as well, and a sometimes confused retreat begins. The entire advance corp is now falling back. Lee makes no orders, has no rear guard, no one understands why they retreat. Lafayette sends for Washington to come forward. Lee thinks he is saving the advance corp by moving out of harms way. Washington sends to Lee for a report, and Lee sends back that he is "doing well enough." Not in anyway satisfied, Washington moves forward, to find the roads crowded with retreating troops. He dispatches aides to find the cause, but they can not see a reason for the retreat. The troops report they were ordered to retreat by Lee. Riding down the road, he finds Lee. Washington asks Lee for the meaning of this retreat, in an annoyed manner. Lee, who thinks he has saved the army by retreating, is confused by Washington's brusque manner and says " Sir...Sir!". Washington repeats the question. Lee stammers some excuses about his orders not being followed, then says again that Americans are not able to stand against the British. Enraged, Washington says "Sir, they are able, and by God they shall do it!" Washington rides back to the rear of the retreating troops, where his aides report the British are within a few minutes of reaching the retreating column, as the advance corp is filing through a causeway or bridge over a morass/ravine. Seeing the corp endangered, he begins to order troops into blocking positions, and orders them to hold the British advance while the rest of the corp gets over the causeway. These units put up a stiff resistance until the troops are safe across and support troops are in position behind them, then under pressure make a fighting withdrawal to safety. Washington begins to order the troops into a strong defensive line, using some of the exhausted advance corp, and some fresh troops. Riding all over the field, sometimes under fire, by his presence he is able to reverse the flow of events. He orders units into action and they move with precision, shifting like the trained troops Von Steuben has made them. The best of the British attack repeatedly as the Americans shuffle into line,and the Americans hold, sometimes falling back but always under control. Lee, finding Washington has begun to issue orders, fails to do anything, thinking himself relieved. As the advance corp is coming across the causeway, Washington orders Lee to position troops to defend the line. Lee does nothing, issues no orders. Some of the retreating men, full of fight, if exhausted from the heat and humidity, leave the retreating column and form with Washington. As the last of the retreating advance corp is brought safely across the causeway, Lee, last man across, reports to Washington for orders, and is told to take his troops to Englishtown creek and set up, far to the rear. Forces are brought forward and positioned by Washington and though the rest of the day the Americans hold the best of the British forces. As dusk falls, Washington has fresh troops ready to attack around the British flanks, but they have to hold due to the loss of light. During the battle, a woman known today as Molly Pitcher, a camp follower who brought water to the troops from a nearby spring, took over her husbands place (John Hayes) at a cannon when he was wounded. Under fire, and loosing men, the artillery unit was going to fall back until she volunteered to take his place. Bravely she served the cannon in her husbands place. After Hayes death after the war she married John McCauley. moved to Carlisle, Penn. and died there Jan. 22 nd, 1833. At 10 pm, General Clinton orders his units to begin to follow the baggage train, and when the moon set about 11pm, they sneak quietly off to protect the baggage. They leave abandoned personal goods and weapons, and their dead and some of the worst wounded behind them. Though Washington has failed to destroy the British column, he had inflicted damage to their troops, and proven that Americans can stand against the regulars, without the advantage of surprise. The British have defended their baggage, but were unable to defeat the Americans in open battle. Since the Americans hold the field, they claim the victory, but it is really a draw or even a British victory, since the British were only defending their baggage train, not looking for a battle. However, the British had covered 9 miles a day until the battle. After the battle, they covered 24 miles in one day. Both sides lost about 350 men in killed, wounded or captured. both sides lost men heavily due to heat exhaustion. In the aftermath, Lee is court-martialled, and is found guilty, and is removed from the Army for a year. He never returns to bother Washington again with either his ego or bad advice. Monmouth was the last battle fought between the two MAIN armies, and the longest. After this, the fighting involved secondary forces (though still large forces), as the war shifted to the southern colonies. The last large battle fought in NJ was the Battle of Springfield, in June of 1780. ======================================================================= General Lachlan McIntosh Born in Scotland, Lachlan McIntosh was the son of the head of the McIntosh clan. John McIntosh arrived in Georgia with Oglethorpe's party. (Oglethorpe designed the city of Savannah). He settled in New Inverness, McIntosh County, Georgia. His education was somewhat neglected due to the move from Scotland, but Oglethorpe gave him assistance in mathematics and he developed a good education through his own efforts. Lachlan McIntosh eventually decided to enter business life and he moved to Charleston, South Carolina. There he was fortunate to find a position in the counting-house of Henry Laurens, who eventually became a very good friend. Laurens wielded an unusual influence upon the maturing life of Lachlan McIntosh. Through Laurens, he had a real knowledge of British policies and came to realize the policies were definitely restrictive and coercive. His military heritage led him to study military science, so when the Revolutionary War broke out, McIntosh was ready to do his part for the colonial cause. Sometime before the revolution began, McIntosh returned to Georgia, where he secured land and became a surveyor. McIntosh was selected as a delegate from the parish of St. Andrew for the Provincial Congress in 1775, held in Savannah. On January 7, 1776, he was appointed Colonel of Georgia troops and in September 1776, he was elected Brigadier General of the Continental troops of Georgia. At Valley Forge, Washington appointed General McIntosh the command of the North Carolina Brigade. According to General Weedon's Valley Forge Orderly Book, beginning on December 27, McIntosh is appointed a Brigadier for the day and is so appointed a successive fourteen times during the encampment. On January 30, 1778, General Washington gave a report on the result of a General Court martial held on January 23, when a soldier of the artillery was tried for desertion and stealing a horse from General McIntosh. The soldier was acquitted of the desertion charges, but found guilty of theft and was sentenced to receive 100 lashes on his back and have "half his pay stopped monthly until General McIntosh is fully satisfied". May 26, 1778, Washington wrote a letter to McIntosh which ended his service at Valley Forge: "The Congress having been pleased to direct me to appoint an officer to command at Fort Pitt, and on the western frontiers in the room, of Brigadier-General Hand, I am indeed, but not without reluctance, from the sense I entertain of your merit, to nominate you, as an officer well qualified from a variety of considerations to answer the object they have in view, I do not know particularly what the objects are, which Congress have in contemplation in the command; and I therefore request that you will, as soon as you conveniently repair to Yorktown and receive their instructions respecting them. I have only to add, that I shall be happy to hear from you as often as opportunity will permit and my warmest wishes, that your service may be favourable to yourself and approved by your country, I am, Sir, with great esteem and regards, your most obedient servant." Notes for MARGARET MACPHERSON: Colonial Families of the United States of America: Volume 4 ISSUE III. Margarette (Peggy), b. probably at Mt. Pleasant; d. 1785; buried in Macintosh County, Georgia; m. at seventeen years, about 1780, as his first wife, John BERRIEN of Rocky Hill, Somerset County, New Jersey, who emigrated to Georgia in 1775; Brigadier-Major, 8th January, 1878, of the North Carolina Brigade commanded by Gen. Lachlan MCINTOSH; at headquarters, Valley Forge, 10th April, 1778; first took his bride to Princeton; after the war removed to Savannah, Georgia; he d. 1815.         Children of JOHN BERRIEN and WILLIAMINIA MORE are:        i.       JAMES WEEMS MOORE5 BERRIEN, b. WFT Est. 1781-1808; d. WFT Est. 1806-1888; m. CATHERINE JANE NOBLE, WFT Est. 1801-1845; b. WFT Est. 1780-1815; d. WFT Est. 1806-1896.        ii.       DOCTOR RICHARD BERRIEN, b. WFT Est. 1781-1808; d. WFT Est. 1806-1888; m. ELIZA BOLLING DELONY, WFT Est. 1801-1845; b. WFT Est. 1780-1815; d. WFT Est. 1806-1896.        iii.       SARAH LOWNDES BERRIEN, b. WFT Est. 1776-1799; d. WFT Est. 1817-1885; m. JOHN ALOYSIUS CASEY, WFT Est. 1790-1833; b. WFT Est. 1763-1792; d. WFT Est. 1817-1877.        iv.       RUTH LOWNDES BERRIEN, b. June 09, 1798; d. May 12, 1839; m. DR. JAMES WHITEHEAD, June 30, 1816, Jefferson County, Georgia; b. April 07, 1786, Burke County, Georgia; d. October 11, 1847, Richmond Bath, Georgia. Notes for RUTH LOWNDES BERRIEN: Headstone inscription in the Whitehead "Spread Oak" Cemetary: This stone covers the mortal remains of Mrs. Ruth Lowndes Whitehead wife of Dr. James Whitehead. She was born June the 9th 1798, and died May the 12th 1839. In all the relations of life She was gentle, faithful and true. Reader if you are a Christian, a wife, a mother or a friend follow her example, and you will add joy to the Church, fill the cup of your husband's happiness, enjoy the affectionate confidence of your children, and awaken the strongest emotions of virtuous friendship in this and share with her the inestimable joys which await the righteous in another and better world. Marriages--Georgia to 1850 Georgia Jefferson County Berrien, Ruth married Whitehead, James on 16 Jun 1816 in Jefferson County, Georgia Notes for DR. JAMES WHITEHEAD: June 16, 1816 according to Early American Marriages Ruth was a sister of Julia Maria Berrien Dr. James Whitehead's lineage was made possible by his Bible. At his death this Bible became the property of his youngest child, Amos Whitehead who married Margaret Bradford. They lived and were buried in Bradfordville, a few miles north of Tallahassee, Florida. His eldest child, James Edward Whitehead married Mrs. Charlotte (Arthur) Croucher and they had seven children. Their second son Edward Bradford Whitehead often visited Waynesboro, Georgia where he met the uncle of Grattan Whitehead Rowland, James Harper Whitehead. From this friendship Bradford Whitehead with his mother and youngest sister Ruth visited James Harper on one or more occasions. After one on these visits, about 1925, Charlotte copied the family record from the Bible and sent it to James Harper. In March 1969 Grattan Whitehead Rowland met Ruth Louise Whitehead, now Mrs. Thomas Jefferson Roberts, living in Bradfordville near the old home site. A xerox copy of the original in her mother's handwriting was given to her and immediately confirmed as copied from the old Bible which had been lost when their home burned in 1932. This copy was first shown to Grattan Whitehead Rowland by her Aunt Sue, a sister of James Harper who died in 1928. The original copy is now owned by Mrs. James Miller Byne. This record has proven most accurate for 40 years and starts with Dr. James' father Amos Whitehead, born 11 August 1744. Dr. James Whitehead was born at "Spread Oak" in Burke County, Georgia. This was the name of his father's plantation which was about three miles north of Waynesboro, Georgia. He died at Richmond Bath and is buried at Spread Oak where his gravestone now stands. He entered Franklin College, Now the University of Georgia in 1802 and graduated with his older brother, Judge John Whitehead, with the class of 1806. Although a graduate of a medical school he did not pursue the practice but was a planter. Headstone Inscription in the Whitehead "Spread Oak" Cemetery located 300 yards west of U.S. 25, one mile from Brier Creek, four miles from Waynesboro Court House: Fillial Affection consecrates this monumental tablet to the memory of Dr. James Whitehead who died October 11 1847 aged 61 years. In life exemplary and useful, In death tranquil and full of hope. Will of James Whitehead, State of Georgia, Burke County I, James Whitehead of the State and County above written, being sound and disposing mind do make ordain and constitute this as my last will and testament. Firstly, I give and bequeath to my son John Berrien Whitehead all of the property whether real personal or mixed that I have heretofore given him: In addition to which I will that my Executors hereinafter named and appointed do purchase for my said son (John Berrien) six (6) additional working hands, eg, Three to be boys or young fellows three to be girls or young women, but the purchase is not to be made before my executors find it entirely convenient to do so with the surplus funds arising from the Sale of my Crops over and above the necessary expenses and liberal support of my other children. Secondly, I give and bequeath to my son in law Thomas Nesbitt the sum of Twenty Thousand Dollars, to be paid in cash, Ten Thousand Dollars ($10,000) to be paid from the proceeds of a lot of cotton now in the hands of Bustin and Walter, Augusta, so soon as the sale is effected. The remaining Ten Thousand Dollars ($10,000) to be paid out of the surplus money arising from the sales of all my crops in preference to any other legal, and after the necessary expenses of my four minor children have been met. As special legacies I give and bequeath in the first place to my daughter Virginia Louise Prince my carriage driver, his wife Fanny and their youngest child Maria and a yellow girl called Tamer. Secondly, to my little granddaughter Ruth L. Nesbitt I give and bequeath Mary the daughter of Prince and Fanny and Kizzy the daughter of Alfred and Lizzy. Thirdly to my little grandson James Whitehead Nesbitt I give and bequeath Abram the son of Prince and Fanny. Fourthly to my little granddaughter Ruth Berrien Whitehead I give and bequeath Cornelia daughter of Prince and Fanny and hereby confirm the gift of Ann which I heretofore made her. And fifthly to my little grandson William Casper Whitehead I give and bequeath a yellow boy known by the name of Jerry, son of a woman called Mary Benn. Sixthly to my son James Troup, I give and bequeath Henry. To my son William Harlow, Wesley, to my son Richard Macpherson, Bob, all the children of Prince and Fanny; and to my son Amos I give and bequeath John the child of George and Irma. Seventhly it is my wish and I will and bequeath to my two sons Richard Macpherson and Amos my seamstress Matilda to be owned and used by them jointly and in common until their education has been completed. (I desire that my said Sons be educated at the best College university in Georgia): after which said Matilda may select one or the other of my said sons for her master in which case an equivalent shall be paid the other under the directions of my Executors. Thirdly, It is my will and desire that the residue of my entire estate be equally divided share and share alike between my four children James Troup, William Harlow, Richard Macpherson and Amos Whitehead. It is my will that all my estate except the portions herein previously disposed be kept and worked together as heretofore at the direction of my Executors and as my children in succession arrive at age it is my will that their respective portions of my estate be given to them by my Executors, keeping the property of the other children during their minority a joint undivided and common stock until the last division shall be made from which common stock they are during their minority to be supported and liberally educated, trusting as I do that my Executors will in all cases enjoin and enforce upon all my children the observance of a sound and rigid economy in all their expenditures, whilst they withhold nothing from them calculated to advance their comfort and best interest. Fourthly, it is my will and desire that my property at Bath known as the "Home House and Lot" become the property jointly and equally of my son John Berrien and my son in law Thomas Nesbitt: or the sole and individual property of the one by the payment to the other of the sum of One Thousand Dollars, but should my said son and son in law both desire the possession of said House and property, the payment of said One Thousand Dollars by the one to the other shall be determined by lot. Further, it is my will and desire that my children, to wit John Berrien, Virginia Louisa (as the case may be in reference to the result under the last item in my will) James Troup, William Harlow and Richard McPherson have the right and privilege of selecting for themselves from my lands at Bath, Richmond County a lot on which to build and improve and it is further my will and request that my house and lot at Bath be kept in good repair, be improved, added to or attend at the discretion of my Executors and to be used as a family mansion successively by my children as they arrive at age, until they improve their own lots, and when my son Amos Whitehead, being the youngest shall arrive at age, I will and bequeath to him my Bath house and lot to him and his heirs and assigns forever. If either of my children die during their minority it is my will and desire that their interest in my Estate be equally divided between my surviving children or their heirs. Furthermore, It is my express will and desire that my House and lot in Burke, known as "Spread Oak" be kept in good repair my present house servants retained that my son in law Thomas Nesbitt and Family occupy it in Winter as heretofore in my lifetime and as long as convenient and desirable or until said property be required by ultimate owner and that my son in law and Family reside at Bath in Summer as heretofore with all my family. Furthermore, Believing as I do that land and Negroes constitute the safest and best property for young men in the South I do authorize and empower my Executors to invest in land and Negroes all the surplus funds arriving from the use of my children's property during their minority over and above necessary expenses: I do authorize and give my Executors full power to sell and buy land and Negroes for the benefit of my children during their minority as they in their discretion may think I would do if in life. Furthermore, I do hereby appoint constitute and ordain my sons John Berrien Whitehead, James Troup Whitehead and my son in law Thomas Nesbitt my lawful Executors to carry into effect and Execute this my last Will And Testament my son James Troup to be qualified after he arrives at the age of Twenty one. Signed Sealed and delivered in presence of each in the presence of each other, saw the same Executed by James Whitehead the Testator this 31st day of August 1847. Saml Dowse F.R. Goulding Sam P. Davis More About DR. JAMES WHITEHEAD: Fact 1: Doctor        v.       JULIA MARIA BERRIEN, b. 1801, Bath, Richmond County, Georgia; d. January 08, 1857, Bath, Richmond County, Georgia; m. JUDGE JOHN WHITEHEAD, WFT Est. 1813-1842; b. 1783; d. 1857, Bath, Richmond County, Georgia. Notes for JULIA MARIA BERRIEN: Buried Bath Presbyterian Churchyard, Bath, Georgia Notes for JUDGE JOHN WHITEHEAD: A large number of descendants from both marriages. Buried Bath Presbyterian Churchyard, Bath, Georgia More About JUDGE JOHN WHITEHEAD: Fact 1: Judge         Child of JOHN BERRIEN and MARGARET MACPHERSON is:        vi.       JOHN MACPHERSON5 BERRIEN, b. August 23, 1781, Rocky Hill, Somerset County, New Jersey; d. January 01, 1856, Savannah, Georgia; m. (1) ELIZA RICHARDSON ANCIAUX, December 01, 1803; b. WFT Est. 1764-1788; d. 1828; m. (2) ELIZA CECIL HUNTER, July 08, 1833, Chatam County, Georgia; b. WFT Est. 1779-1815; d. WFT Est. 1837-1903. Notes for JOHN MACPHERSON BERRIEN: Berrien, John Macpherson (1781-1856) Born in Rocky Hill, N.J., August 23, 1781. State court judge, 1810; member of Georgia state senate, 1822-23; U.S. Senator from Georgia, 1825-29, 1841-45, 1845-52; U.S. Attorney General, 1829-31; justice of Georgia state supreme court, 1845. Died in Savannah, Georgia, January 1, 1856. Interment at Laurel Grove Cemetery, Savannah, Georgia. Berrien counties in Georgia and Michigan are named for him. ================================================ He was educated at Nassau Hall (princeton), and graduated in 1796 in the class with Judge William Gaston, LL.D., and the Rev. William Axtel, D.D., at the age of fifteen years. He was admitted at the bar of Georgia as a praticeing lawyer at the age of eighteen. He soon equalled those much older than himself, and ultimately ranked not only as one of the first lawyer in his own state but as one of the most talented in the United States. His first public office was that of recorder of the city of Savannah; he was for eleven years judge of the Eastern District of Georgia, United States senator three times, and attorney general of Jackson's cabinet. At the age of twenty-nine he was elected to a judgeship on the state bench, which office he held for ten years, and in 1825 took his seat in the United States senate, where he remained until 1829, when he was appointed United States attorney general. The same year the mission of ambassador to England was offered to him by the government, but he declined it chiefly for domestic considerations. Mr. Berrien resigned the office of attorney general in 1831, and the following letter was received by him: Washington, D.C. Jan.15 1831 The President and Mr. Berrien Sir-:        In accepting your resignation as Attorney General I take pleasure in expressing my approbation of the zeal and effiency with which its duties have been performed, and in assuring you that you carry with you my best wishes for your prosperity and happiness.        I am very respectfully, your obedient servant,               Andrew Jackson Mr Berrien was again called to the United States senate in 1840 and again in 1847, and distinguished himself throughout his term of service, and in fact throughout his entire public career. His eloquence gave him the name of the "American Cicero, " and Chief Justice Marshall called him "the honey-tongued Georgia youth." He had a reputation beyond the borders of his own country for scholardhip, eloquence and refinement. Says a writer: "He was a man whose equal in amny respects the world has not produced since the days of Cicero. America has had her Henry, one of nature's thunderbolts; her Clay of grand and supassing gifts--to elctrify the public by their soul-stirring eloquence, but neither of these had the polish of the Roman school, with its rich stores of learning and classic beauties gathered from every epoch and clime. It was reserved for John Macpherson Berrien to stand alone as an example in the Nineteenth Century." Judge Berrien commanded a regiment of cavalry during the War of 1812. ============================================================================ BERRIEN, JOHN MACPHERSON (Aug. 23,1781--Jan. 1, 1856), congressman, was a native of New Jersey. His forebears were men of some prominence, his grandfather, John Berrien, having been a judge of the supreme court of New Jersey, and his father, also named John, a major in the American Revolution. The family was of Huguenot descent. His mother, Margaret MacPherson, of Scotch lineage, was the sister of John MacPherson, who, as aide-de--camp to Montgomery, was killed in the battle of Quebec. His parents removed to Georgia in 1782. After preparatory schooling in New York, Berrien matriculated at Princeton and was graduated in 1796. Returning to Savannah he studied law in the office of Joseph Clay, a federal judge; was admitted to practise in 1799; elected solicitor of the eastern circuit (1809); a year later became judge of the same circuit and held office until 1821; served one term (1822-23) in the state Senate; and, in 1824, was elected United States senator. He was an adherent of the Jackson faction of the Democratic-Republican party. In his speeches he advocated the current Georgia views in the controversy over the final Creek land cession. He opposed the Tariff of 1828, presenting a protest of the Georgia legislature against it. In 1829 he resigned to take office as attorney-general in Jackson's first cabinet, but, becoming estranged from the President on ac-count of the Eaton affair, resigned on June 22, 1831. After ten years in private life he was returned to the Senate in 1841 as a Whig and served until May 28, 1852. The period of his second session in the Senate was a momentous one in American history, and Berrien, then in the prime of his intellectual powers, became an outstanding leader in his party. He was a man of commanding personal appearance, a learned and skillful advocate, and an orator of unusual power. He supported the Whig positions on the Bank question, protective tariffs, territorial extension, and compromise of the slavery issue. Thus he at first opposed the annexation of Texas (Congressional Globe, 28 Cong., 2 Sess., pp. 383-87), alleging unconstitutionality in the attempted mode of admission. But in the next session, after the joint resolution of Congress had been passed committing the United States to the admission of Texas on certain conditions, and after these conditions had been met, he felt obliged to sustain the pledge of the country. Furthermore, he was then able to discover good reasons why Texas should he admitted, and so voted. He opposed the Mexican War, speaking against the bill declaring war and refusing, though present, to cast a vote on the final passage of the bill (T. H. Benton, Abridgment of the Debates of Congress from 1789 to 1856, XV, 505, 510). On the bill to provide $3,000,000 to be used in effecting a peace with Mexico, Berrien introduced an amendment (Congressional Globe, 29 Cong., 2 Sess., pp. 325-330) against taking any territory from Mexico, basing his opposition on the ground that the free states, by reason of their numerical superiority, would exclude slavery and thus deny to the South equal participation in the benefits of such acquisition of territory. He appealed to senators to exclude "this direful question" (slavery) from the national councils. When it began to look as if all factions in the anti-slavery North would combine to adopt the Wilmot Proviso, excluding slavery from the new territories, Calhoun called a caucus of Southern representatives and senators, Democrats and Whigs, and sought to form a Southern party (December 1848). Calhoun's Address was adopted, the Whigs voting against it. Berrien also issued an Address to the People of the United States (February 1849) in which he pleaded for a compromise of the slavery problem. The next year, however, he altered his position. He came out against Clay's Compromise, abandoning his long -sustained position of moderation and shifting over to a strong pro-Southern attitude. On the final passage of the various component parts of the Omnibus Bill he voted against the admission of California and the abolition of the slave trade in the District of Columbia, and for the organization of territorial government in New Mexico and Utah and the new Fugitive Slave Law. Convinced that the Whig party could no longer be relied on to protect Southern interests, he with-drew from the party in 1850. He strongly advocated "Non-Intercourse" in a business way as a form of resistance against Northern encroachment on Southern rights. He rejected secession, but believed resistance within the Union a necessity. In the stirring gubernatorial campaign in Georgia in 1851, in which the "finality" of the Compromise of 1850 was the issue, Berrien, in a half-hearted manner, accepted the "Georgia Platform," on which the Union candidate, Howell Cobb, ran, but took no active part in the campaign. A few weeks after the election it became incumbent upon the legislature to elect a United States senator, Berrien's term approaching a close. Berrien at first declined to become a candidate for reelection, but later on announced that lie would accept, if elected. The Union Democrats and Whigs combined to defeat him and elected Robert Toombs in his place (Nov. 10, 1851). Berrien thereupon resigned his senatorship. When the American or Know-Nothing party was organized, he joined it; and his last political activity was to preside over a state convention of the new party held at the Capital in December 1855. Shortly after this meeting, he died on Jan. 1, 1856. Thus passed from the stage one of the last of the elder statesmen, for many years regarded as the ablest constitutional lawyer in the Senate. ============================= This Day in Georgia History Compiled by Ed Jackson and Charly Pou Carl Vinson Institute of Government The University of Georgia August 23 1781 Lawyer and well-known Georgia political John M. Berrien was born in Princeton, New Jersey. Two years later, his parents moved to Savannah, where at age 18 he began the practice of law. In 1822, he served a term in the Georgia state senate, and in 1824 the General Assembly elected him to represent Georgia in the U.S. Senate. In 1829, he resigned to serve as Pres. Andrew Jackson's attorney general. In 1831, he returned to practice law in Savannah, where he helped form the Georgia State Rights party. In 1840, Berrien was reelected to the Georgia Senate, where he served for the next 12 years. Afterwards, he practiced law in Savannah until his death on Jan. 1 1856. The next month, the General Assembly created a new county and named it in his honor. ================================================= Georgia Tax Index, 1789-1799 NAME COUNTY DISTRICT YEAR PAGE BERRIEN, JOHN MCFERSON JEFFERSON JOHNSTON 1799 19 Notes for ELIZA CECIL HUNTER: Marriages--Georgia to 1850 Georgia Chatham County Berrien, John M. married Hunter, Elizabeth Cecil on 08 Jul 1833 in Chatham County, Georgia 16. THOMAS4 BERRIEN (JOHN3, PETER2, CORNELIUS JANSEN1) was born 1770 in Rocky Hill, Somerset County, New Jersey, and died April 06, 1850. He married RACHEL FREEMAN WFT Est. 1790-1820. She was born 1777, and died January 22, 1857. Notes for THOMAS BERRIEN: Educated at Princeton, afterward became a teacher, and also studied medicine, but practiced but a short time. He enlisted at the beginning of the War of 1812, and at its close received honorable discharge. He died at the home of his son Isaac, as did his wife.         Children of THOMAS BERRIEN and RACHEL FREEMAN are:        i.       ISAAC SCUDDER5 BERRIEN, b. December 22, 1812; d. June 30, 1888; m. ELIZABETH STOCKTON GROVER, April 20, 1847; b. October 08, 1825; d. WFT Est. 1859-1920. Notes for ISAAC SCUDDER BERRIEN: He received his education almost entirely from his father. In his early years he became interested in farming, and made it his vocation through life. He was a man of high order of intelligence, and of sterling worth and character. Well informed through much reading, genial and kindly, though dignified, and the soul of hospitality; unselfish and self-sacrificing to a marked degree, a most affectionate and devoted husband and father. He was amember of the Methodist church. Buried in Princeton cemetery.        ii.       MARGARET EATON BERRIEN, b. WFT Est. 1792-1819; d. WFT Est. 1798-1902.        iii.       JOHN MONTGOMERY BERRIEN, b. December 28, 1804; d. November 21, 1883, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; m. MARY A. GRICE, April 18, 1837, Norfolk, Virginia; b. WFT Est. 1797-1820; d. WFT Est. 1842-1908. Notes for JOHN MONTGOMERY BERRIEN: Commodore Berrien received his early education at Princeton, New Jersey, and after continuing it in the city of New York, it was completed in Georgia, from which state he received his appointment to the navy. His service extended from the year 1825, March 1, when he was appointed a midshipman from Georgia, until September 2, 1868. Buried at Princeton, New Jersey.        iv.       WILLIAM BERRIEN, b. WFT Est. 1792-1819; d. WFT Est. 1817-1899; m. DELILAH WILSON, WFT Est. 1813-1857; b. WFT Est. 1792-1826; d. WFT Est. 1817-1907.        v.       ALEXANDER MONTGOMERY BERRIEN, b. WFT Est. 1792-1819; d. WFT Est. 1817-1899; m. PHEBE VAN HISE, WFT Est. 1813-1857; b. WFT Est. 1792-1826; d. WFT Est. 1817-1907.        vi.       NATHANIEL LAWRENCE BERRIEN, b. WFT Est. 1792-1819; d. WFT Est. 1817-1899; m. ELLEN ELIZABETH SANSBURY, WFT Est. 1813-1857; b. WFT Est. 1792-1826; d. WFT Est. 1817-1907. 17. MARY4 BERRIEN (JOHN3, PETER2, CORNELIUS JANSEN1) was born WFT Est. 1731-1772, and died WFT Est. 1796-1857. She married THOMAS MONTGOMERY WFT Est. 1752-1809. He was born WFT Est. 1743-1772, and died WFT Est. 1797-1857.         Child of MARY BERRIEN and THOMAS MONTGOMERY is:        i.       JOHN BERRIEN5 MONTGOMERY, b. November 17, 1794, Allentoen, New Jersey; d. March 25, 1873, Carlisle, Pennsylvania. Notes for JOHN BERRIEN MONTGOMERY: The Twentieth Century Biographical Dictionary of Notable Americans: Volume VII M. Montgomery, Joseph page 420 MONTGOMERY, John Berrien, naval officer, was born in Allentown, N.J., Nov. 17, 1794; son of Dr. Thomas West and Mary (Berrien) Montgomery; grandson of Alexander and Eunia (West) Montgomery, and of Judge John and Margaret (Eaton) Berrien, and a descendant of William and Isabel (Burnett) Montgomerie, Monmouth county, N.J., 1701. He entered the U.S. navy as a midshipman, June 4, 1812, and served on Lake Ontario on the Hamilton, Madison and General Pike, 1812-13; volunteered for service on Lake Erie under Commodore Perry; joined the Niagara, and for his service, Sept. 10, 1813, received a sword and the thanks of congress. He took part in the blockade, and in the attack on Mackinaw, Aug. 4, 1814; assisted in the destruction of a British block-house and gun-brig, and was actively engaged until the close of the war, returning to New York in 1815. He sailed under Com. Stephen Decatur for Algiers and took part in the successful operations against the pirates in the Mediterranean. He cruised on board the Hornet and Cyane on the African coast, 1817-20; and was promoted lieutenant, April 1, 1818. He was married in 1821 to Mary, daughter of William and Delia (Harned) Henry of New York. He served on the Erie of the Mediterranean station, 1821-26; was executive officer of the Peacock in the West Indian in 1828, was transferred to the flagship Erie off Havana, and commanded it in a cruise off the coast of Mexico. He served on recruiting service in Philadelphia, Pa., and New [p.420] York, 1833-35; was executive officer of the Constitution in 1835, when that vessel brought Edward Livingston, U.S. minister to France, back to the United States, during the indemnity agitation, and in command of the receiving ship Columbus at Boston, Mass., 1837-39. He was promoted commander Dec. 3, 1839; was on recruiting services 1839-44; commanded the Portsmouth, 1844-47, and during that time planted the U.S. flag at San Francisco, Sonoma, New Helvetia and Santa Clara, Cal.; maintained the blockade of Mazatlan, Mexico, under great difficulties, and in March and April, 1847, hoisted the first U.S. flags at Cape St. Lucas, San Jose and La Paz in Lower California, which ports were held until the close of the Mexican war. He also bombarded and captured Guaymas on the Gulf of California with the frigate Congress in October, 1847. He served as executive officer of the U.S. navy yard at Washington, D.C., 1849-51; was promoted captain Jan. 6, 1853, commanded the Roanoke, April to August, 1857, and served on shore duty, 1857-59. He commanded the Pacific squadron with the Lancaster for his flagship, 1859-62; the U.S. navy yard at Charlestown, Mass., 1862-63, and the U.S. navy yard at Washington, D.C., 1863-65. He was promoted commodore, July 16, 1862; rear-admiral, July 25, 1866, and was placed on waiting orders at his own request, Sept. 1, 1869. He died in Carlisle, Pa., March 25, 1873. 18. WILLIAM4 BERRIEN (JOHN3, PETER2, CORNELIUS JANSEN1) was born WFT Est. 1730-1757, and died WFT Est. 1755-1837 in Arneytown, New Jersey. He married ? MACPHERSON WFT Est. 1751-1802, daughter of JOHN MACPHERSON. She was born WFT Est. 1731-1778, and died WFT Est. 1755-1857. Notes for WILLIAM BERRIEN: A physician         Children of WILLIAM BERRIEN and ? MACPHERSON are:        i.       JOHN MACPHERSON5 BERRIEN, b. WFT Est. 1755-1797; d. WFT Est. 1765-1873, Detroit, Michigan. Notes for JOHN MACPHERSON BERRIEN: never married possible: Historical Register and Dictionary of the United States Army, page 214 Berrien, John Macpherson. N J. Pa. Cadet Military Academy 1 July 1822 (27); brevet 2 lieutenant 2 infantry 1 July 1826; 2 lieutenant 5 infantry 1 July 1826; 1 lieutenant 31 Dec 1830; resigned 31 Dec 1836; [died 12 Oct 1876.]        ii.       MARY BERRIEN, b. WFT Est. 1755-1797; d. WFT Est. 1764-1876, Detroit, Michigan. Notes for MARY BERRIEN: never married Followups: Re: Cornelius Jansen Berrien more info Sharon Lee 6/27/05 Berrian - Remson Cemetery Bklyn NY 1876 Cyber Angel 1/16/02 Daniel Berrien, Jr. m. Mary E. Shear NYC Richard Alan McCool 10/30/00 Re: Daniel Berrien, Jr. m. Mary E. Shear NYC Sarah Thomas 2/15/10 Re: Daniel Berrien, Jr. m. Mary E. Shear NYC Theodore P. Wright, Jr. 12/29/00 Re: Daniel Berrien, Jr. m. Mary E. Shear NYC Richard Alan McCool 2/08/02 Re: Daniel Berrien, Jr. m. Mary E. Shear NYC Juanita L. Berrian 10/31/00 Re: Daniel Berrien, Jr. m. Mary E. Shear NYC Richard Alan McCool 10/31/00 http://genforum.genealogy.com/berrien/messages/6.html Search this forum: Find all of the words Find any of the words Search all of GenForum: Proximity matching Agreement of Use Link to GenForum Add Forum

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