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William,
I spent the years beteen 1998 and 2004 looking for Virginia Records about the early Andersons of Colonial Virginia.
I have never absolutely been able to Identify the father of Thomas Anderson (d.1711) But saying that I will include some discussion of my current speculation.
If we begin at the 1704 rent roll and work our way backward in time we note that in Prince George County in 1704 there were:
Thomas Anderson
Mr. Charles Anderson
Matthew Anderson
Henry Anderson
William Anderson
John Anderson
We know from a 1689 record that Matthew, Hnery, William and John were brothers and Sons of Reynard Anderson and Elizabeth Skiffen. Additionally we know they lived near Baileys Creek east of Petersburg.
Thomas of this list died (1711 will) and Charles died 1718
Thomas first appears when he gets his 1683 land patent along Cattail creek threfore he was born before 1662.
Charles tombstone at Westover implies he was born in 1669 and he first appears in records in 1692.
In the 1690's Thomas and Charles live on opposite sides of the Old Town Run which is 7 miles east of Petersburg. This fact has always led me to supect that they were also brothers with a different father.
In Checking Charles City County Recoords There is a land Patent Claimed by Howell Pryse
Howell Pryse is granted a patent for 4800 acres of land in Charles City County on 10/27/1655 for the headrights of many individuals, including Thomas Anderson. This claim is not filed in the Virginia State Land Patents rather it is filed in Charles City Court Orders 1655-58 on page 82. Howell Pryse was the Charles City County sheriff and a resident south of the James River at Flowerdieu Hundred plantation. Howell Pryse later returned to Great Britain at the end of the Cromwellian period.
Included in the list of headrights for this patent are the names of many individuals. It is unknown whether these were recent arrivals in Virginia or if they were purchased headrights by Mr. Pryse. The listed headrights of sherriff Pryse in 1655 are; Andrew Gorton, Wm Mason, Robt ffarington, Steven Webb, John Sanders, Sam: Chapman, ffrancis Dixon, Barthol: Wells, Richd Beare, Jeremy Ward, Robt Harris, Christopher Trenser, Richd Markes, Roger Harris, James Willard, David Thomas, James Bristow, Geo. Baycock, ffrederick Smith, Tho Wood, Willm Crosse, Tho: Crauford, Edmond Allison, Wm Wilks, Wm Harwood, John Bayly, Sam Ray, Austin Yates, Jo Sheffield, Tho: Andrews, Christopher Baker, Wm Hiller, Symon Browne, Margar Newsham, Mary Lane, Tho: Dod, Daniell Ashley, Dorothy Johnson, Edd Owen, Walter Knolls, Alice Bury, Tho Martin, Elizab: Lodge, Mary Grey, John Wright, Josua Baker, Phillip White, Wm Chaundler, Robt Holland, ffrances Brewer, James Preston, Mary Crewe, Allexand'r Jay, Roger Bates, Tho. Anderson, Tho Rogers, Phillip Royston, John Sacker, Robert Milles, Robt Clayton, Tho: Best, Robt Rose, Robt Banister, Wm Cooper, Bryon Oneale, Sam: Jackson, Mary Brookes, Daniel Allen, Marmaduke ffletcher, James Eley, Richard Barnett, Thomas Hay, ffrancis ffoord, Myles Hewet, Wm Moore, Thomas Wray, Richd Corbett, Mich: Nelson, Peter Crane, John Dorman, James Butler, Thomas Nelson, John Peckett, Jo Rosse, John Ball, Michaell Clarke, Jeremy Hancock, Jo Mason, Tho: Smart, Henry Blackman, fferdinando ffenner, Sam: Marshall, Richd Saines, Wm Cromer, George Haines, Jo Myles. An investigation should be made to determine if these individuals were prisoners or exiles from the English Civil War of Cromwell who may have been transported to Virginia and placed under the authority of the sherriff. A continuing study of these other headrights of Mr. Pryse should be made to determine the origins of these others, as their origins may give a clue as to the origins of Thomas Anderson.
The Thomas Anderson of this record would have been born between 1630 and 1645. If a prisoner of Cromwell his origins are likely in Scotland.
It is my current speculation that he is the father of Thomas d1711 and Charles d1718.
Connections to The York River Anderson family are unsupported by records
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